To achieve the carbon peak and neutrality targets, the facile synthesis of highly active and robust catalysts for efficient oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is urgently demanded. Herein, a series of metal–carbon nanomaterials (FeNi₃-NC-T, T = 600–1000 °C) with the hollow N-doped carbon nanorod incorporated FeNi₃ nanoparticles are reasonably prepared via balancing epitaxial growth and etching rate. These synthesized OER catalysts exhibit effective synergies of multiple components, large specific surface area, high conductivity, abundant exposed active sites, and intrinsic activity enhanced by carbon confinement and interconnected nanostructure. Among them, the optimized FeNi₃-NC-700 only requires low overpotentials of 262/327 mV to reach the current density of 10/50 mA cm⁻² in an alkaline medium, which is obviously better than these control samples. Owing to the aforesaid structural virtues, it exhibits high activity and good stability, fast catalytic kinetics and easy formation of active species evidenced by in-situ experiments as well as theoretical calculations. This study would provide a new idea for the easy fabrication of multifunctional MOF derivatives in electrochemistry with the desired properties.

为了实现碳峰值和中和目标，迫切需要轻松合成用于高效析氧反应（OER）的高活性和稳健的催化剂。在此，通过平衡外延生长和刻蚀速率，合理制备了一系列含有空心氮掺杂碳纳米棒并掺入FeNi _{3纳米颗粒的金属碳纳米材料（} FeNi ₃ -NC-T ，T = 600–1000 °C）。这些合成的OER催化剂表现出多种组分的有效协同作用、大比表面积、高电导率、丰富的暴露活性位点以及通过碳限制和互连纳米结构增强的内在活性。其中，优化后的FeNi ₃ -NC-700在碱性介质中仅需要262/327 mV的低过电位即可达到10/50 mA cm ^-2的电流密度，这明显优于这些对照样品。由于上述结构优点，原位实验和理论计算证明其具有高活性和良好的稳定性，催化动力学快，易于形成活性物种。这项研究将为电化学中轻松制备具有所需性能的多功能 MOF 衍生物提供新思路。