Clinical Reviews in Allergy & Immunology ( IF 8.4 ) Pub Date : 2023-06-26 , DOI: 10.1007/s12016-023-08961-5
Stefano A Vismara 1, 2 , Andrea Ridolfi 3 , Pietro B Faré 4 , Mario G Bianchetti 2 , Sebastiano A G Lava 5, 6 , Samuele Renzi 7, 8 , Benedetta Terziroli Beretta Piccoli 2, 9, 10 , Gregorio P Milani 11, 12 , Lisa Kottanattu 2, 3
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Lipschütz genital ulcer is a self-limited, non-sexually acquired disorder characterized by the sudden onset of a few ulcers. A primary Epstein-Barr virus infection is currently considered the most recognized cause. Recent reports document cases temporally related with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) or immunization against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). We carried out a review of the literature to investigate the possible association between COVID-19 or the immunization against SARS-CoV-2 and genital ulcer. The pre-registered study (CRD42023376260) was undertaken following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses methodology. Excerpta Medica, the National Library of Medicine, and Web of Sciences were searched. Inclusion criteria encompassed instances of acute Lipschütz ulcer episodes that were temporally linked to either COVID-19 or a vaccination against SARS-CoV-2. Eighteen articles were retained. They provided information on 33 patients 15 (14–24) years of age (median and interquartile range), who experienced a total of 39 episodes of Lipschütz ulcer temporally associated with COVID-19 (N = 18) or an immunization against SARS-CoV-2 (N = 21). The possible concomitant existence of an acute Epstein-Barr virus infection was excluded in 30 of the 39 episodes. The clinical presentation and the disease duration were similar in episodes temporally associated with COVID-19 and in those associated with an immunization against SARS-CoV-2. In conclusion, COVID-19 and immunization against SARS-CoV-2 add to Epstein-Barr virus as plausible triggers of Lipschütz genital ulcer.
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COVID-19、冠状病毒疫苗以及与 Lipschütz 外阴溃疡的可能关联:系统评价
Lipschütz 生殖器溃疡是一种自限性、非性获得性疾病,其特征是突然出现一些溃疡。原发性 Epstein-Barr 病毒感染目前被认为是最公认的原因。最近的报告记录了与 2019 年冠状病毒病 (COVID-19) 或严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒 2 (SARS-CoV-2) 免疫接种暂时相关的病例。我们对文献进行了回顾,以调查 COVID-19 或 SARS-CoV-2 免疫接种与生殖器溃疡之间可能存在的关联。预注册研究 (CRD42023376260) 是按照系统评价和荟萃分析方法的首选报告项目进行的。检索了 Excerpta Medica、National Library of Medicine 和 Web of Sciences。纳入标准包括与 COVID-19 或 SARS-CoV-2 疫苗接种暂时相关的急性 Lipschütz 溃疡发作的病例。保留了十八篇文章。他们提供了 33 名 15 (14-24) 岁患者的信息(中位数和四分位数范围),这些患者总共经历了 39 次 Lipschütz 溃疡发作,暂时与 COVID-19 ( N = 18) 或针对 SARS-CoV 的免疫接种有关-2(N = 21)。 39 次发作中,有 30 次排除了可能同时存在急性 Epstein-Barr 病毒感染的可能性。与 COVID-19 暂时相关的发作和与 SARS-CoV-2 免疫相关的发作的临床表现和疾病持续时间相似。总之,COVID-19 和针对 SARS-CoV-2 的免疫接种与 Epstein-Barr 病毒一起成为 Lipschütz 生殖器溃疡的可能触发因素。