As one of the most significant probiotics, Limosilactobacillus reuteri (L. reuteri) has been exploited as a nutritional supplement. We hypothesized that L. reuteri consumption might improve the significant risk factors of cardiovascular disease, including blood pressure, blood lipid, and blood glucose. However, previous clinical studies have shown controversial results. This study aims to explore the effect of L. reuteri consumption on these risk factors. PubMed, Embase, Scopus, the Cochrane Library, and Web of Science were searched for eligible randomized controlled trials published before May 2022. A total of 6 studies with 4 different L. reuteri strains and including 512 participants were included. The results showed that L. reuteri consumption significantly reduced total cholesterol (TC) by −0.26 mmol/L compared with the control group. In contrast, it did not affect systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), or triglycerides. Subgroup analysis showed a significant reduction in TC when participants were <55 years old, had a body mass index between 25 and 30, or had hypercholesterolemia. In addition, TC decreased significantly when L. reuteri supplementation was >5 × 10⁹ colony-forming unit or the length of the intervention was <12 weeks. Strain subgroup analysis showed that L. reuteri NCIMB 30242 significantly reduced TC and LDL-C. In conclusion, L. reuteri consumption has a significant TC-lowering effect, which can effectively reduce the risks of cardiovascular disease associated with hypercholesterolemia. However, the results do not support the effectiveness of L. reuteri consumption on other metabolic outcomes. Further examination of larger sample sizes is needed to confirm these findings.

作为最重要的益生菌之一，罗伊氏柠檬酸杆菌（L.reuteri ）已被开发为营养补充剂。我们假设食用罗伊氏乳杆菌可能会改善心血管疾病的重要危险因素，包括血压、血脂和血糖。然而，之前的临床研究显示出有争议的结果。本研究旨在探讨食用罗伊氏乳杆菌对这些危险因素的影响。在 PubMed、Embase 、Scopus、 Cochrane 图书馆和 Web of Science 中检索了2022 年 5 月之前发表的符合条件的随机对照试验。共纳入 6 项研究，涉及 4 种不同的罗伊氏乳杆菌菌株，包括 512 名参与者。结果显示，与对照组相比，食用罗伊氏乳杆菌显着降低了总胆固醇（TC）-0.26 mmol/L。相反，它不影响收缩压、舒张压、空腹血糖、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）或甘油三酯。亚组分析显示，当参与者年龄 <55 岁、体重指数在 25 至 30 之间或患有高胆固醇血症时，TC 显着降低。此外，当罗伊氏乳杆菌补充量>5×10 ⁹菌落形成单位或干预时间<12周时，TC显着下降。菌株亚组分析表明，罗伊氏乳杆菌NCIMB 30242 显着降低 TC 和 LDL-C。综上所述，食用罗伊氏乳杆菌具有显着的降TC作用，可有效降低与高胆固醇血症相关的心血管疾病的风险。然而，结果并不支持食用罗伊氏乳杆菌对其他代谢结果的有效性。需要进一步检查更大的样本量来证实这些发现。