Biomass aerogel materials are increasingly attracting researchers’ attention because of good biocompatibility of biomass materials and multiple functional features of aerogel materials. Herein, novel biomass aerogel composite was fabricated by doping hydroxylated barium titanate (BT-OH) nanoparticles and MXene in chitosan/bacterial cellulose (CB) aerogel by simple methods containing chemical modification, physical mixture and lyophilization. The novel aerogel composite named CB/BT-OH/MXene showed favorable piezoelectric properties and excellent photothermal antibacterial properties. The aerogel composite-based piezoelectric sensor displayed short response time (0.4 s), high response sensitivity (800 mV/N), and long cycle stability (over 1000 cycles), which could monitor various body movements, including fingers bending, speaking, wrist bending, elbow bending, smiling, and walking. Moreover, the aerogel composite possessed satisfactory photothermal conversion ability, which could reach 55 ℃ by 10 s of near-infrared irradiation (808 nm, 0.2 W/cm²), successfully achieving complete sterilization effect towards S. aureus and E. coli. The novel biomass aerogel composite may find its potential applications in wearable or implantable self-powered sensors with satisfactory antibacterial performance.

生物质气凝胶材料由于生物质材料良好的生物相容性和气凝胶材料的多功能特性，越来越受到研究者的关注。本文通过在壳聚糖/细菌纤维素（CB）气凝胶中掺杂羟基钛酸钡（BT-OH）纳米粒子和MXene，通过化学改性、物理混合和冻干等简单方法制备了新型生物质气凝胶复合材料。新型气凝胶复合材料CB/BT-OH/MXene表现出良好的压电性能和优异的光热抗菌性能。基于气凝胶复合材料的压电传感器具有响应时间短（0.4秒）、响应灵敏度高（800 mV/N）和长周期稳定性（超过1000个周期）的特点，可以监测各种身体运动，包括手指弯曲、说话、手腕等。弯曲，肘部弯曲、微笑和行走。此外，该气凝胶复合材料具有良好的光热转换能力，在近红外辐射（808 nm，0.2 W/cm）下10 s即可达到55 ℃²）、成功对金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌达到完全灭菌效果。新型生物质气凝胶复合材料可能在具有令人满意的抗菌性能的可穿戴或植入式自供电传感器中找到潜在应用。