The rapid and widespread establishment of domestic environmental courts and tribunals raises important questions regarding their implications for international environmental law and global environmental governance. I use an interdisciplinary, multi-method approach to consider the capacity of domestic environmental courts to identify and apply norms and principles of international environmental law in domestic opinions. I first review existing literature, identifying jurisdiction, judicial discretion, and a court's position in a legal system as key institutional determinants of this capacity. I then develop a typology of domestic environmental courts and tribunals, which suggests that, all else being equal, a court with national geographic jurisdiction that also enjoys attributes of broad subject-matter jurisdiction and discretion may be expected to be best equipped to implement norms and principles of international environmental law. Next, I integrate existing assessments of environmental court presence with original outreach and web research to identify all countries which possess environmental courts, and assess a subset of eight existing national-level institutions. The analysis of this subset highlights the diversity of institutional models that can incorporate theorized best practices. Based on these findings, I draw several theoretical conclusions: specifically (i) the relevance of environmental court research to individual- and institutional-level analysis in transnational and international environmental law, (ii) the need for further legal-institutional analysis in global environmental governance scholarship, and (iii) the opportunity for further interdisciplinary analysis of the role of domestic courts in environmental governance.

国内环境法院和法庭的迅速而广泛的建立引发了有关其对国际环境法和全球环境治理影响的重要问题。我采用跨学科、多方法的方法来考虑国内环境法院在国内意见中识别和适用国际环境法规范和原则的能力。我首先回顾了现有文献，将管辖权、司法自由裁量权和法院在法律体系中的地位确定为这种能力的关键制度决定因素。然后，我对国内环境法院和法庭进行了分类，这表明，在其他条件相同的情况下，具有国家地理管辖权、同时享有广泛主题管辖权和自由裁量权的法院预计最有能力执行国际环境法的规范和原则。接下来，我将对环境法庭存在的现有评估与最初的外展和网络研究相结合，以确定所有拥有环境法庭的国家，并评估八个现有国家级机构的子集。对这个子集的分析强调了可以纳入理论化最佳实践的制度模型的多样性。基于这些发现，我得出了几个理论结论：具体而言（i）环境法院研究与跨国和国际环境法中个人和机构层面分析的相关性，