Here, CuO nanorods fabricated via pulsed laser ablation in liquids were decorated with Ir, Pd, and Ru NPs (loading ∼7 wt%) through pulsed laser irradiation in the liquids process. The resulting NPs-decorated CuO nanorods were characterized spectroscopically and employed as multifunctional electrocatalysts in OER, HER, and the furfural oxidation reactions (FOR). Ir–CuO nanorods afford the lowest overpotential of ∼345 mV (HER) and 414 mV (OER) at 10 mA cm⁻², provide the highest 2-furoic acid yield (∼10.85 mM) with 64.9% selectivity, and the best Faradaic efficiency ∼72.7% in 2 h of FOR at 1.58 V (vs. RHE). In situ electrochemical-Raman analysis of the Ir–CuO detects the formation of the crucial intermediates, such as Cu(III)-oxide, Cu(OH)₂, and Ir_x(OH)_y, on the electrode–electrolyte surface, which act as a promoter for HER and OER. The Ir–CuO || Ir–CuO in a coupled HER and FOR-electrolyzer operates at ∼200 mV lower voltage, compared with the conventional electrolyzer and embodies the dual advantage of energy-saving H₂ and 2-furoic acid production.

在这里，通过液体中的脉冲激光烧蚀制备的 CuO 纳米棒通过液体过程中的脉冲激光照射用 Ir、Pd 和 Ru NP（负载量约 7 wt%）进行装饰。所得纳米粒子修饰的 CuO 纳米棒经过光谱表征，并用作 OER、HER 和糠醛氧化反应 (FOR) 中的多功能电催化剂。^{Ir-CuO纳米棒在10 mA cm -2}下提供最低的过电势~345 mV (HER)和414 mV (OER)，提供最高的2-糠酸产率(~10.85 mM)和64.9%的选择性，以及最好的法拉第在 1.58 V 电压下，2 小时的 FOR 效率约为 72.7%（相对于 RHE）。Ir-CuO 的原位电化学拉曼分析可检测关键中间体的形成，例如 Cu(III)-氧化物、Cu(OH) ₂和 Ir _x (OH)_y，位于电极-电解质表面，充当 HER 和 OER 的促进剂。Ir-CuO || 与传统电解槽相比，HER 和 FOR 耦合电解槽中的 Ir-CuO 运行电压降低约 200 mV，体现了节能 H 2 和_2-糠酸生产的双重优势。