用于骨关节炎治疗的生物响应和多模态成像纳米医学,Biomaterials Science

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用于骨关节炎治疗的生物响应和多模态成像纳米医学
Biomaterials Science ( IF 5.8 ) Pub Date : 2023-06-12 , DOI: 10.1039/d3bm00370a
Song Xue _{1,

2} , Guangfeng Ruan ₃ , Jia Li ₄ , Henning Madry ₅ , Chao Zhang ₆ , Changhai Ding _{1,

2,

7}

Affiliation

骨关节炎（OA）是目前最常见的关节疾病之一，其特征是软骨逐渐退化、软骨下骨重塑、滑膜炎发展、半月板退行性改变和骨赘形成。一般来说，关节软骨丧失是OA最常见的病理表现。然而，由于缺乏血管和神经，受损的软骨无法进行自我修复。因此，软骨病变的早期发现和治疗极为重要。鉴于OA的基本病理特征离不开精准的诊断和治疗策略，理想的治疗策略应针对OA微环境的具体特征，实现疾病缓解治疗。迄今为止，纳米医学提供了实现药物精确靶向递送和最佳剂量的刺激敏感释放的机会，这可以与受控释放曲线和减少副作用相结合。本综述主要总结了OA的固有和微环境特征，并概述了刺激响应性纳米疗法，包括内部生物响应（例如活性氧、pH和蛋白酶）和外部生物响应（例如光刺激、温度、超声和磁场）响应性纳米疗法。此外，还讨论了与多模态成像相结合的多靶点治疗策略。总的来说，未来探索可用于早期诊断和软骨靶向的更新颖的刺激响应纳米疗法可能有助于改善骨关节炎相关的软骨损伤、减轻疼痛并促进关节功能。

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Bio-responsive and multi-modality imaging nanomedicine for osteoarthritis theranostics

Osteoarthritis (OA) is one of the most common joint diseases currently, characterized by the gradual degradation of cartilage, remodeling of subchondral bone, development of synovitis, degenerative alterations in the menisci, and formation of osteophytes. Generally, loss of articular cartilage is the most common pathological manifestation of OA. However, owing to the lack of blood vessels and nerves, the damaged cartilage is unable to execute self-repair. Therefore, early detection and treatment of cartilage lesions are extremely vital. Given that precise diagnosis and therapeutic strategy are indispensable from the basic pathological features of OA, an ideal therapeutic strategy should cater to the specific features of the OA microenvironment to achieve disease-modifying therapy. To date, nanomedicine presents an opportunity to achieve the precisely targeted delivery of agents and stimuli-sensitive release at the optimum dose, which may be coupled with a controlled release profile and reduced side effects. This review mainly summarizes inherent and microenvironment traits of OA and outlines stimuli-responsive nanotherapies, including internal bio-responsive (e.g., reactive oxygen species, pH, and protease) and external (e.g., photo stimuli, temperature, ultrasound, and magnetic field) responsive nanotherapies. Furthermore, multi-targeted therapeutic strategies combined with multi-modality imaging are also discussed. In general, future exploration of more novel stimuli-responsive nanotherapies that can be used for early diagnosis and cartilage targeting may help ameliorate OA-related cartilage damage, decrease pain, and promote joint function.

更新日期：2023-06-12

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