Current loose nanofiltration membrane materials are not suitable for harsh dye/salt separation environments because they are not resistant to high temperatures, acids and bases, and organic solvents. In this work, a polybenzimidazole (PBI) hollow fiber loose nanofiltration membrane (HFLNM) was prepared by dry-wet spinning and used for dye and salt separation. The membrane showed good heat resistance (25~70 ℃), acid resistance (immerse in10 mol/L HCl solution for 100 h) and solvent resistance (immerse in EtOH, MeOH and IPA for 120 h, respectively). The effects of air gap distance on the membrane structure and properties as well as the effect of cross-linking using K₂S₂O₈ on the solvent resistance of the membrane were investigated. By adjusting the air gap distance to 6 cm, the dense layer of the optimized membrane got thinner. With the help of double layer finger-like pore and strong negative charge, the membrane exhibited outstanding water flux (64.5 L·m^-2·h^-1), low NaCl salt rejection (~ 7%), and excellent Congo Red (CR) dye rejection (100%) at the dye/salt mixture solution (100 mg/L Congo red, 1 g/L NaCl) and operating pressure of 0.1 MPa. Moreover, the crosslinked PBI membrane showed good stability after 72 h immersion in polar aprotic solvents (NMP, DMF, and DMAc). Hence, PBI HFLNM has a good application prospect in the field of dye/salt separation in harsh environments.

目前的松散纳滤膜材料不耐高温、不耐酸碱、不耐有机溶剂，不适用于恶劣的染料/盐分离环境。在这项工作中，采用干湿法纺丝法制备了聚苯并咪唑 (PBI) 中空纤维松散纳滤膜 (HFLNM)，并将其用于染料和盐的分离。该膜表现出良好的耐热性(25~70 ℃)、耐酸性(10 mol/L HCl溶液浸泡100  h)和耐溶剂性( 分别在EtOH、MeOH和IPA中浸泡120 h)。气隙距离对膜结构和性能的影响以及K ₂ S ₂ O _{8交联的影响}对膜的耐溶剂性进行了研究。通过将气隙距离调整为 6 厘米，优化膜的致密层变得更薄。借助双层指状孔和强负电荷，该膜表现出出色的水通量（64.5  L·m ^-2 ·h ^-1）、低 NaCl 脱盐率（~ 7%）和出色的刚果红（CR ) 在染料/盐混合溶液（100  mg/L 刚果红，1  g/L NaCl）和 0.1  MPa 操作压力下的染料排斥率 (100%)。此外，交联的 PBI 膜 在极性非质子溶剂（NMP、DMF 和 DMAc）中浸泡 72 小时后表现出良好的稳定性。因此，PBI HFLNM在恶劣环境下的染料/盐分离领域具有良好的应用前景。