Chirality widely exists in nature and is closely related to the origin of life. The basic structure of all organisms is composed of chiral molecules, and biological systems have high selectivity to chiral biomolecules. Moreover, with an in-depth understanding of the origin of chiral nanomaterials, the potential applications of chiral nanomaterials in the fields of biotherapy, catalysis, and medicine have become a hot topic of research. This review discusses the different types of chiral nanomaterials and analyzes the chiral mechanism. The application of nanomaterials in chiral testing, cell differentiation, gene shearing, and biological therapy is also discussed. The potentials for and challenges of chiral nanomaterials in the field of biomedicine and proposed application strategies and prospects for the future of chiral nanomaterials in biomedicine based on the existing problems are reported.

手性广泛存在于自然界中，与生命起源密切相关。所有生物的基本结构都是由手性分子组成的，生物系统对手性生物分子具有很高的选择性。此外，随着对手性纳米材料起源的深入了解，手性纳米材料在生物治疗、催化和医学等领域的潜在应用成为研究热点。本综述讨论了不同类型的手性纳米材料并分析了手性机理。纳米材料在手性检测、细胞分化、基因还讨论了剪切和生物疗法。报道了手性纳米材料在生物医学领域的潜力和挑战，并基于存在的问题提出了手性纳米材料在生物医学领域的应用策略和未来展望。