Much has been made of the ideological connection between the mental world of servitors in Elizabethan Ireland and the origins of early English colonial endeavor in North America. In this vein, the case of Sir Ralph Lane, the first governor of the Roanoke colony and, later, muster-master general of Ireland, would seem to present a historiographically promising test case, one that might not only link Ireland and the Roanoke Colony but also could show, following recent suggestions, how attitudinal, behavioral, and aspirational commonalities existed between early modern English military culture and the ethos of early English colonial endeavor. Lane's record on both sides of the Atlantic, however, rather than painting a picture of the applicability of martial virtue and military discipline at times of crisis, demonstrates instead the stark reality of the impulsive and appetitive culture of the garrison in the Elizabethan period and its corrosive effects. Lane's remarkable capacity for corruption, willful mismanagement, and wily self-defense in an Irish context in fact amplifies and complements troubling tendencies that scholars have recently detected in Lane's famous discourse of his government in what was commonly termed Virginia printed in Hakluyt's Principal Navigations. Lane can indeed serve as an emblem of common features shared by Elizabethan Englishmen drawn to office in Ireland and Elizabethan/Jacobean Englishmen drawn to settle in Virginia, but largely because of his mendacity, venality, and irresponsibility.

中文翻译：

---

厚颜无耻的福斯塔夫，狡猾的伊阿古：拉尔夫莱恩爵士在爱尔兰和弗吉尼亚担任公职的方法

关于伊丽莎白时代爱尔兰仆人的精神世界与北美早期英国殖民努力的起源之间的意识形态联系，已经有很多研究。在这种情况下，罗阿诺克殖民地的第一任州长拉尔夫莱恩爵士的案例，后来成为爱尔兰的军事指挥官，似乎提出了一个历史学上有前途的测试案例，一个可能不仅将爱尔兰与罗阿诺克殖民地联系起来但也可以表明，根据最近的建议，早期现代英国军事文化与早期英国殖民努力的精神之间如何存在态度、行为和抱负上的共同点。然而，莱恩在大西洋两岸的记录并没有描绘出危机时刻军事美德和军纪的适用性，相反，它展示了伊丽莎白时代驻军冲动和食欲文化的严酷现实及其腐蚀作用。莱恩在爱尔兰背景下腐败、故意管理不善和狡猾的自卫的非凡能力实际上放大和补充了学者们最近在莱恩关于他的政府的著名话语中发现的令人不安的倾向，这些话语通常被称为 Hakluyt's主要导航. 莱恩确实可以作为被吸引到爱尔兰任职的伊丽莎白时代英国人和被吸引到弗吉尼亚定居的伊丽莎白时代英国人所共有的共同特征的象征，但这主要是因为他的谎言、唯利是图和不负责任。