Piperazine and morpholine are important heterocyclic structures, which are widely used in the discovery of agrochemicals. Piperazine and morpholine rings are often used as active substructures or bridges to design and synthesize new agrochemicals. In the past decade, piperazine and morpholine compounds have made rapid progress in the research and development of new pesticides, especially in the discovery of fungicides and antibacterial agents. In the future, more piperazine and morpholine pesticides may be commercialized. However, there is no comprehensive review on the use of piperazine and morpholine derivatives in the creation of new agrochemicals. Therefore, we systematically reviewed the application of piperazine and morpholine active compounds in the creation of new pesticides in the past 12 years. This paper not only summarizes the biological activities of piperazine and morpholine compounds, but also discusses the structure–activity relationship, physiological and biochemical changes, and mechanism of action. This work aims to provide inspiration and ideas for the discovery of new agrochemicals of piperazine and morpholine.

中文翻译：

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哌嗪及吗啉衍生物在农用化学品发现中的研究进展

哌嗪和吗啉是重要的杂环结构，广泛用于农用化学品的发现。哌嗪和吗啉环通常用作活性子结构或桥来设计和合成新的农用化学品。近十年来，哌嗪和吗啉类化合物在新型农药的研发，特别是杀菌剂和抗菌剂的发现方面取得了快速进展。未来可能会有更多哌嗪类、吗啉类农药商品化。然而，目前还没有对哌嗪和吗啉衍生物在新型农用化学品生产中的使用进行全面审查。因此，我们系统回顾了过去12年来哌嗪和吗啉活性化合物在新农药创制中的应用。本文不仅对哌嗪类和吗啉类化合物的生物活性进行了综述，还对其构效关系、生理生化变化及作用机制进行了讨论。本工作旨在为哌嗪、吗啉等新型农用化学品的发现提供启发和思路。