Manufacturing economical and environmentally friendly aqueous electrolytes having a large operating potential is crucial to accomplish safe, high-energy and long-life supercapacitors. An emerging approach of superconcentrated Water-in-Salt (WIS) electrolyte significantly improves the performance through a stable, improved thermodynamic potential of water by reducing the free water molecules in the electrolyte. However, this approach raises concern about the cost and toxicity. By the way, we have achieved a similar performance by creating a hydrogen bonding network through the incorporation of additive with electrolyte, which suppresses the water electrolysis even at low salt concentration. This work demonstrates a hydrogen bond constructed electrolyte (Steric effect) using the additive to reduce water activity. In that way, it delivered an extensive operational voltage (>2.3 V) to the electrolyte at a low salt concentration (5M NaClO₄). Further, the carbon-based symmetric supercapacitor cell with this electrolyte delivered a capacitance of 112 mF with good capacitance retention (71.4%) after 50,000 cycles. Further, the cell showed its excellency via a low self-discharge rate and leakage current. The performance of the coin cell-type supercapacitor is evaluated as per IEC standards and as well as the traditional method and compared with superconcentrated Water-in-Salt NaClO₄. This work opens up new direction for designing high-voltage water-based electrolyte for inexpensive and very stable energy storage devices.

制造经济且环保且具有较大工作潜力的水性电解质对于实现安全、高能和长寿命的超级电容器至关重要。一种新兴的超浓缩盐包水 (WIS) 电解质方法通过减少电解质中的游离水分子来稳定、改善水的热力学势，从而显着提高性能。然而，这种方法引起了对成本和毒性的担忧。顺便说一句，我们通过将添加剂与电解质结合形成氢键网络，实现了类似的性能，即使在低盐浓度下也能抑制水电解。这项工作展示了使用添加剂降低水活度的氢键构造电解质（空间效应）。以这种方式，₄ ). 此外，采用这种电解质的碳基对称超级电容器电池在 50,000 次循环后可提供 112 mF 的电容和良好的电容保持率 (71.4%)。此外，该电池通过低自放电率和漏电流显示出其卓越性。纽扣电池型超级电容器的性能根据 IEC 标准和传统方法进行评估，并与超浓缩盐包水 NaClO ₄进行比较。这项工作为设计用于廉价且非常稳定的储能设备的高压水基电解质开辟了新方向。