The Theory of Technology Dominance (TTD) provides a theoretical foundation for understanding how intelligent systems impact human decision-making. The theory has three phases with propositions related to (1) the foundations of reliance, (2) short-term effects on novice versus expert decision-making, and (3) long-term epistemological effects related to individual deskilling and profession-wide stagnation. In this theory paper, we propose an extension of TTD, that we refer to as TTD2, primarily to increase our theoretical understanding of how, why, and when the short-term and long-term effects on decision-making occur and why advances in technology design have exacerbated some weaknesses and eroded some benefits. Recently, researchers have called for reconsideration of how we design intelligent systems to mitigate the detrimental effects of technology; in TTD2 we provide a theory-based understanding for capturing the complexity underlying the occurrence of the effects.

技术优势理论 (TTD) 为理解智能系统如何影响人类决策提供了理论基础。该理论分为三个阶段，其命题涉及 (1) 依赖的基础，(2) 对新手与专家决策的短期影响，以及 (3) 与个人去技能化和全行业停滞相关的长期认识论影响. 在这篇理论论文中，我们提出了 TTD 的扩展，我们称之为 TTD2，主要是为了增加我们对短期和长期决策影响的发生方式、原因和时间的理论理解，以及为什么在技术设计加剧了一些弱点并削弱了一些好处。最近，研究人员呼吁重新考虑我们如何设计智能系统以减轻技术的不利影响；在 TTD2 中，我们提供了一种基于理论的理解，以捕捉影响发生背后的复杂性。