Clothianidin pesticide not only pollutes the ecological environment, but also poses a potential threat to human health. Thus, it is of great importance to develop efficient and accurate methods to recognize and detect clothianidin residues in agricultural products. Aptamer has the advantages of easy modification, high affinity and good stability, which is particularly suitable as a recognition biomolecule for pesticide detection. However, the aptamer against clothianidin has not been reported. Herein, the aptamer (named CLO-1) had good selectivity and strong affinity (K_d = 40.66 ± 3.47 nM) to clothianidin pesticide, which was screened for the first time by Capture-SELEX strategy. The binding effect of CLO-1 aptamer to clothianidin was further studied by circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy and molecular docking technique. Finally, the CLO-1 aptamer was used as the recognition molecule to construct a label-free fluorescent aptasensor using GeneGreen dye as sensing signal for the highly sensitive detection of clothianidin pesticide. The constructed fluorescent aptasensor had the limit of detection (LOD) as low as 5.527 μg L⁻¹ for clothianidin, and displayed good selectivity against other competitive pesticides. The aptasensor was applied to detect the clothianidin spiked in tomatoes, pears and cabbages, and the recovery rate was good in the range of 81.99%–106.64%. This study provides a good application prospect for the recognition and detection of clothianidin.

噻虫胺农药不仅污染生态环境，而且对人类健康构成潜在威胁。因此，开发高效、准确的方法来识别和检测农产品中的噻虫胺残留具有重要意义。适体具有易于修饰、亲和力高、稳定性好等优点，特别适合作为农药检测的识别生物分子。然而，针对噻虫胺的适配体尚未见报道。在此，适配体（命名为 CLO-1）具有良好的选择性和强亲和力（K _d = 40.66 ± 3.47 nM) 对噻虫胺杀虫剂，该杀虫剂首次通过 Capture-SELEX 策略进行筛选。通过圆二色（CD）光谱和分子对接技术进一步研究了CLO-1适体与噻虫胺的结合作用。最后，以CLO-1适体为识别分子，构建了以GeneGreen染料为传感信号的无标记荧光适体传感器，用于噻虫胺类农药的高灵敏检测。构建的荧光适体传感器的检测限 (LOD) 低至 5.527 μg L ⁻¹对于噻虫胺，并显示出对其他竞争性农药的良好选择性。应用该适体传感器检测西红柿、梨和卷心菜中噻虫胺的加标，回收率在81.99%~106.64%范围内良好。该研究为噻虫胺的识别和检测提供了良好的应用前景。