In designating its Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), the United Nations invoked the “water–energy–land (WEL) nexus” to emphasize the interconnections between different policy sectors and accentuate the importance of an integrated approach to human and environmental welfare. Identifying the WEL nexus draws attention to the interplay of technical and moral values, the intersections or overlaps between these values, and the areas where values conflict, tradeoffs happen, and priorities are set or shifted. And within this WEL resource nexus, the development and expansion of renewable energy technologies has the potential to redefine and reorder the balance of values. The archipelago of Zanzibar, a semiautonomous protectorate within the East African nation of Tanzania, is currently making complex energy choices that highlight the significance and fragility of this resource nexus and the role of renewable energy in reshaping it. In this article, I draw on ethnographic research in peri-urban Zanzibari communities to consider how the WEL nexus in Zanzibar is generated by and generative of complex gradations of value and to explore how the development of renewable energy technologies, particularly solar technology, is both entrenching and transforming the linkages between energy, water, and land in Zanzibar.

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“人类需求部”：桑给巴尔的可再生能源和水-能源-土地关系

在制定可持续发展目标（SDG）时，联合国援引“水-能源-土地（WEL）关系”来强调不同政策部门之间的相互联系，并强调采取综合方法实现人类和环境福祉的重要性。识别 WEL 关系会引起人们对技术和道德价值观之间的相互作用、这些价值观之间的交叉或重叠，以及价值观冲突、权衡发生以及优先事项设定或转移的领域的关注。在这种 WEL 资源关系中，可再生能源技术的开发和扩展有可能重新定义和重新排序价值平衡。桑给巴尔群岛是东非国家坦桑尼亚境内的一个半自治保护国，目前正在做出复杂的能源选择，突显了这种资源关系的重要性和脆弱性以及可再生能源在重塑这种关系中的作用。在本文中，我利用桑给巴尔城郊社区的人种学研究来思考桑给巴尔的 WEL 关系如何由复杂的价值等级产生并产生，并探讨可再生能源技术（特别是太阳能技术）的发展如何既是巩固和改变桑给巴尔能源、水和土地之间的联系。