Gas sensors based on polyaniline (PANI) materials often have some issues of intrinsic poor stability, low sensitivity, and slow response-recovery rate. To solve these issues, the combination of PANI and metal oxide nanoparticles is a common effective strategy. However, the agglomeration of these nanoparticles in the composite is still a major challenge, decreasing NH sensing response and stability. Herein, a flexible NH sensor based on PANI/TiCT/TiO (PMT) composite was successfully fabricated by ultrasonic spray pyrolysis and in-situ polymerization. The introduced 3D crumpled TiCT/TiO sphere (MT) with TiO nanoparticles in-situ uniform growth on the TiCT effectively prevented nanoparticles agglomeration in PMT. The optimized PMT film sensor displayed outstanding NH sensing performance at room temperature, including high response (2.30–10 ppm NH), low detection limit (20 ppb), good selectivity, and excellent mechanical reliability. The superior sensing properties were attributed to the synergetic effect of unique structure of MT, the improved protonation degree of PANI component, and the formation of heterojunctions. Moreover, the detection of fish spoilage has been realized using this film sensor. The present work provides a new strategy to fabricate high-performance flexible NH sensors operated at room temperature, which may hold great promise for application in our daily life.

中文翻译：

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PANI/3D 皱褶 Ti3C2TX/TiO2 纳米复合材料用于室温下工作的柔性电导 NH3 传感器


基于聚苯胺（PANI）材料的气体传感器往往存在固有稳定性差、灵敏度低、响应恢复率慢等问题。为了解决这些问题，PANI和金属氧化物纳米颗粒的结合是一种常见的有效策略。然而，这些纳米粒子在复合材料中的团聚仍然是一个主要挑战，会降低 NH 传感响应和稳定性。在此，通过超声波喷雾热解和原位聚合成功制备了基于PANI/Ti3CT/TiO（PMT）复合材料的柔性NH传感器。引入的 3D 褶皱 TiCT/TiO 球 (MT) 以及 TiO 纳米颗粒在 TiCT 上原位均匀生长，有效防止了 PMT 中纳米颗粒的团聚。优化的 PMT 薄膜传感器在室温下表现出出色的 NH 传感性能，包括高响应 (2.30–10 ppm NH)、低检测限 (20 ppb)、良好的选择性和出色的机械可靠性。优异的传感性能归因于MT独特结构、PANI组分质子化程度提高以及异质结形成的协同效应。此外，利用该薄膜传感器还实现了鱼类腐败的检测。目前的工作提供了一种制造在室温下运行的高性能柔性NH传感器的新策略，这可能在我们的日常生活中具有广阔的应用前景。