Wintertime meteorological conditions are usually unfavorable for ozone (O₃) formation due to weak solar irradiation and low temperature. Here, we observed a prominent wintertime O₃ pollution event in Shijiazhuang (SJZ) during the Chinese New Year (CNY) in 2021. Meteorological results found that the sudden change in the air pressure field, leading to the wind changing from northwest before CNY to southwest during CNY, promotes the accumulation of air pollutants from southwest neighbor areas of SJZ and greatly inhibits the diffusion and dilution of local pollutants. The photochemical regime of O₃ formation is limited by volatile organic compounds (VOCs), suggesting that VOCs play an important role in O₃ formation. With the developed O₃ formation path tracing (OFPT) approach for O₃ source apportionment, it has been found that highly reactive species, such as ethene, propene, toluene, and xylene, are key contributors to O₃ production, resulting in the mean O₃ production rate (P_O3) during CNY being 3.7 times higher than that before and after CNY. Industrial combustion has been identified as the largest source of the P_O3 (2.6 ± 2.2 ppbv h⁻¹), with the biggest increment (4.8 times) during CNY compared to the periods before and after CNY. Strict control measures in the industry should be implemented for O₃ pollution control in SJZ. Our results also demonstrate that the OFPT approach, which accounts for the dynamic variations of atmospheric composition and meteorological conditions, is effective for O₃ source apportionment and can also well capture the O₃ production capacity of different sources compared with the maximum incremental reactivity (MIR) method.

由于太阳辐射弱和低温，冬季气象条件通常不利于臭氧（O _{3 ）的形成。}在此，我们在 2021 年春节期间观察到石家庄 (SJZ) 冬季显着的 O 3 污染事件。气象结果发现，气压场的突然变化导致风从春节前的西北风_变为春节期间西南偏南，促进了西南邻区空气污染物的聚集，极大地抑制了当地污染物的扩散和稀释。_{O 3}形成的光化学机制受挥发性有机化合物 (VOC) 的限制，表明 VOC 在 O ₃形成中起重要作用。随着发达的 O₃用于 O ₃来源解析的形成路径追踪 (OFPT) 方法，已发现高活性物质，如乙烯、丙烯、甲苯和二甲苯，是 O ₃生产的关键贡献者，导致平均 O ₃生产率春节期间(P _O3 )为春节前后的3.7倍。工业燃烧已被确定为 P _O3 (2.6 ± 2.2 ppbv h ⁻¹ ) 的最大来源，与春节前后相比，春节期间增幅最大（4.8 倍）。_{行业内对O 3}实施严格管控措施SJZ的污染控制。我们的结果还表明，OFPT 方法考虑了大气成分和气象条件的动态变化，对于 O ₃来源解析是有效的，并且与最大增量反应性（MIR）相比，还可以很好地捕获不同来源的O ₃生产能力） 方法。