2010-2021年太湖大气活性氮沉降及对浮游植物的影响,Environmental Science & Technology

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2010-2021年太湖大气活性氮沉降及对浮游植物的影响
Environmental Science & Technology ( IF 10.8 ) Pub Date : 2023-05-15 , DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c09434
Jianming Deng _{1,

2} , Wei Nie ₁ , Xin Huang ₁ , Aijun Ding ₁ , Boqiang Qin ₂ , Congbin Fu ₁

Affiliation

氮沉降减少对淡水中养分负荷的影响已得到广泛研究，特别是在偏远地区。然而，对生态影响的了解仍然相当有限。在此，我们利用2010-2021年的月度监测数据重新估算了太湖的湿沉降和干沉降。我们的结果表明，太湖大气中活性氮（即NH 4 + 和_NO³ - _）^的沉降太湖为 4.94-11.49 千吨/年，相当于河流负荷的 13.9%-27.3%。_{NH 4}⁺和 NO ₃^–的干沉降贡献了太湖总沉积量的53.1%。铵盐是湿沉降和干沉降的主要成分，这可能是由于太湖周围的农业相关活动强烈。氮沉降解释了 2010 年至 2021 年浮游植物群落演替变化的 24.9%，是所有环境因素中最高的。大气沉降抵消了早年外部氮减少的影响，延迟了太湖固氮蓝藻优势的出现。我们的结果表明，由于化肥使用量的减少，氮沉降减少，尤其是 NH ₄^+的减少沉积，可以限制硅藻并促进非固氮蓝藻的优势，其次是固氮类群。这一结果也适用于长江中下游附近的其他浅水富营养化湖泊，这些湖泊在过去几十年中化肥使用量显着减少。

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Atmospheric Reactive Nitrogen Deposition from 2010 to 2021 in Lake Taihu and the Effects on Phytoplankton

The effects of nitrogen deposition reduction on nutrient loading in freshwaters have been widely studied, especially in remote regions. However, understanding of the ecological effects is still rather limited. Herein, we re-estimated nitrogen deposition, both of wet and dry deposition, in Lake Taihu with monthly monitoring data from 2010 to 2021. Our results showed that the atmospheric deposition of reactive nitrogen (namely NH₄⁺ and NO₃^–) in Lake Taihu was 4.94–11.49 kton/yr, which equaled 13.9%–27.3% of the riverine loading. Dry deposition of NH₄⁺ and NO₃^– contributed 53.1% of the bulk deposition in Lake Taihu. Ammonium was the main component of both wet and dry deposition, which may have been due to the strong agriculture-related activities around Lake Taihu. Nitrogen deposition explained 24.9% of the variation in phytoplankton community succession from 2010 to 2021 and was the highest among all the environmental factors. Atmospheric deposition offset the effects of external nitrogen reduction during the early years and delayed the emergence of nitrogen-fixing cyanobacterial dominance in Lake Taihu. Our results implied that a decrease in nitrogen deposition due to a reduction in fertilizer use, especially a decrease in NH₄⁺ deposition, could limit diatoms and promote non-nitrogen-fixing cyanobacterial dominance, followed by nitrogen-fixing taxa. This result was also applied to other shallow eutrophic lakes around the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, where significant reduction of fertilizer use recorded during the last decades.

更新日期：2023-05-15

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