Direct Observation of Intragrain Defect Elimination in FAPbI3 Perovskite Solar Cells by Two-Dimensional PEA2PbI4,ACS Energy Letters

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Direct Observation of Intragrain Defect Elimination in FAPbI3 Perovskite Solar Cells by Two-Dimensional PEA2PbI4
ACS Energy Letters ( IF 19.3 ) Pub Date : 2023-05-12 , DOI: 10.1021/acsenergylett.3c00685
Rui Zhi _{1,

2} , Chen-Quan Yang _{1,

2} , Mathias Uller Rothmann ₂ , Hong-Qiang Du _{1,

2} , Yang Jiang _{1,

2} , Yue-Yu Xu _{1,

2} , Zhi-Wen Yin ₁ , Yan-Ping Mo ₁ , Wei Dong ₁ , Guijie Liang ₃ , Udo Bach ₄ , Yi-Bing Cheng _{1,

2} , Wei Li _{1,

2}

Affiliation

Two-dimensional perovskites have widely been used to improve the efficiency and stability of perovskite solar cells and are generally believed to passivate defects at the grain boundaries of three-dimensional perovskites. Herein, we studied introducing various combinations of two-dimensional phenyl ethylammonium lead iodide (PEA₂PbI₄) and methylammonium chloride (MACl) to the formamidinium lead iodide (FAPbI₃) precursor solution. Ultralow dose selected area electron diffraction studies prove that the high density of intragrain planar defects in FAPbI₃ can be strongly reduced by adding PEA₂PbI₄ and fully eliminated by adding further MACl. Although PEA⁺ is too large to incorporate into FAPbI₃, PEA₂PbI₄ not only improves crystallization but also suppresses intragrain defect formation. As a result, a longer charge carrier lifetime, higher photoluminescence quantum yield, lower Urbach energy, and current–voltage hysteresis are achieved, resulting in a champion PCE of 23.69%, with an improvement of humidity stability.

中文翻译：

二维 PEA2PbI4 对 FAPbI3 钙钛矿太阳能电池晶内缺陷消除的直接观察

二维钙钛矿已广泛用于提高钙钛矿太阳能电池的效率和稳定性，并且通常被认为可以钝化三维钙钛矿晶界处的缺陷。在此，我们研究了将二维苯基乙基碘化铅铵 (PEA ₂ PbI ₄ ) 和甲基氯化铵 (MACl) 的各种组合引入到甲脒碘化铅 (FAPbI ₃ ) 前体溶液中。_{超低剂量选区电子衍射研究证明，通过添加 PEA 2} PbI ₄可以大大降低FAPbI ₃中晶粒内的高密度平面缺陷，并通过进一步添加 MACl 来完全消除。虽然豌豆⁺太大而无法结合到 FAPbI ₃中，PEA ₂ PbI ₄不仅可以提高结晶度，还可以抑制晶粒内缺陷的形成。结果，实现了更长的电荷载流子寿命、更高的光致发光量子产率、更低的 Urbach 能量和电流-电压滞后，从而使 PCE 达到 23.69%，并提高了湿度稳定性。

更新日期：2023-05-12

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