Over the past decade, behavioral interventions have become increasingly recognized and recommended as effective first-line therapies for treating individuals with tic disorders. In this article, we describe a basic theoretical and conceptual framework through which the reader can understand the application of these interventions for treating tics. The three primary behavioral interventions for tics with the strongest empirical support (habit reversal, Comprehensive Behavioral Intervention for Tics, and exposure and response prevention) are described. Research on the efficacy and effectiveness of these treatments is summarized along with a discussion of the research evaluating the delivery of these treatments in different formats and modalities. The article closes with a review of the possible mechanisms of change underlying behavioral interventions for tics and areas for future research.

中文翻译：

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抽动障碍儿童和成人的行为干预


在过去的十年中，行为干预越来越得到认可和推荐为治疗抽动障碍患者的有效一线疗法。在本文中，我们描述了一个基本的理论和概念框架，读者可以通过该框架了解这些干预措施在治疗抽搐中的应用。描述了具有最强实证支持的抽搐的三种主要行为干预（习惯逆转、抽搐综合行为干预以及暴露和反应预防）。总结了对这些治疗的有效性和有效性的研究，并讨论了评估以不同形式和方式提供这些治疗的研究。文章最后回顾了抽搐行为干预的可能变化机制和未来研究的领域。