High-Speed Mid-Infrared Single-Photon Upconversion Spectrometer,Laser & Photonics Reviews

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High-Speed Mid-Infrared Single-Photon Upconversion Spectrometer
Laser & Photonics Reviews ( IF 9.8 ) Pub Date : 2023-05-09 , DOI: 10.1002/lpor.202300149
Tingting Zheng ₁ , Kun Huang _{1,

2,

3} , Ben Sun ₁ , Jianan Fang ₁ , Yongyuan Chu ₄ , Hairun Guo ₄ , E Wu _{1,

2} , Ming Yan _{1,

2} , Heping Zeng _{1,

2,

5,

6,

7}

Affiliation

Sensitive and fast mid-infrared (MIR) spectroscopy is highly attractive in a variety of applications including astronomical observation, pharmaceutical synthesis, and environmental monitoring. However, the performance of conventional MIR spectrometers has long been hindered by the limited sensitivity of narrow-bandgap detectors and/or the deficient brightness of broadband light sources. Here, an ultra-sensitive and broadband MIR upconversion spectrometer, which integrates a supercontinuum source covering 1.5–4.2

μ $\umu$

m based on a silicon nitride nanophotonic waveguide, is devised and integrated. High-efficiency and low-noise nonlinear frequency upconversion is realized based on coincidence pulsed pumping with spectro-temporal optimization, which enables leverage of silicon detectors for facilitating MIR single-photon spectroscopy at 0.2 photons/nm/pulse. Furthermore, the upconversion-based array spectrometer is manifested with high-speed spectral acquisition rates beyond 200 kHz, which is about tenfold faster than the state-of-the-art scan rates for FTIR-based spectrometers at a comparable spectral resolution. The achieved features of broadband spectral coverage, single-photon sensitivity, and sub-MHz refreshing rate might open up new possibilities for infrared transient spectral measurements in combustion analysis, high-throughput sorting, and reaction tracking, among others.

中文翻译：

高速中红外单光子上转换光谱仪

灵敏、快速的中红外 (MIR) 光谱在天文观测、药物合成和环境监测等各种应用中极具吸引力。然而，传统中红外光谱仪的性能长期以来一直受到窄带隙探测器有限的灵敏度和/或宽带光源亮度不足的阻碍。这里是超灵敏宽带中红外上转换光谱仪，集成了覆盖 1.5-4.2 的超连续谱源

μ $\umu$

m 基于氮化硅纳米光子波导，被设计和集成。基于具有光谱时间优化的符合脉冲泵浦实现了高效率和低噪声的非线性上转换，这使得能够利用硅探测器来促进0.2光子/纳米/脉冲的中红外单光子光谱。此外，基于上转换的阵列光谱仪具有超过 200 kHz 的高速光谱采集速率，这比在可比光谱分辨率下基于 FTIR 的光谱仪的最先进扫描速率快十倍左右。所实现的宽带光谱覆盖、单光子灵敏度和亚 MHz 刷新率等特性可能为燃烧分析、高通量分选、

更新日期：2023-05-09

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