Thermochromic microcapsules with photothermal conversion properties were prepared by melamine urea formaldehyde resin (MUF) coated ternary mixtures (color coupler, color developer and solvent). The particle characteristics, chemical structure, heat storage properties, discoloration effect, thermal cycling durability and photothermal conversion properties of microcapsules were analyzed and characterized by ESEM and LPSA, FTIR and XRD, DSC and TGA, SC-10 and UV–Vis, thermal cycling test and solar simulator. The thermochromic and photothermal conversion mechanisms of microcapsules were analyzed. The results showed that the thermochromic microcapsules with a core material ratio of (1:3:60) have the best comprehensive performance. The chromatic aberration value of RTPCMs-C3 and RTPCMs-O3 is 23.35 and 12.14, respectively, which has a certain visible light absorption capacity and excellent thermal cycle durability. The photothermal conversion efficiencies of RTPCMs-C3 and RTPCMs-O3 under simulated solar irradiation were 55.4% and 72.9%, respectively. The conjugated organic polymer core material selectively absorbs the electromagnetic radiation frequency which are matching its internal electronic transition, causing the atomic lattice vibration to generate heat. The heat changes the state of the core material and dissociates the internal conjugated double bonds, eventually causing the microcapsules to change color.

采用三聚氰胺脲醛树脂（MUF）包覆三元混合物（成色剂、显色剂和溶剂）制备具有光热转换特性的热致变色微胶囊。采用ESEM和LPSA、FTIR和XRD、DSC和TGA、SC-10和UV-Vis、热循环等手段对微胶囊的颗粒特性、化学结构、储热性能、变色效应、热循环耐久性和光热转化性能进行了分析和表征测试和太阳模拟器。分析了微胶囊的热致变色和光热转化机制。结果表明，芯材配比为（1:3:60）的热致变色微胶囊综合性能最好。RTPCMs-C3和RTPCMs-O3的色差值分别为23.35和12.14，具有一定的可见光吸收能力和优异的热循环耐久性。RTPCMs-C3和RTPCMs-O3在模拟太阳照射下的光热转换效率分别为55.4%和72.9%。共轭有机聚合物芯材选择性地吸收与其内部电子跃迁相匹配的电磁辐射频率，引起原子晶格振动产生热量。热量改变核心材料的状态并解离内部共轭双键，最终导致微胶囊变色。共轭有机聚合物芯材选择性地吸收与其内部电子跃迁相匹配的电磁辐射频率，引起原子晶格振动产生热量。热量改变核心材料的状态并解离内部共轭双键，最终导致微胶囊改变颜色。共轭有机聚合物芯材选择性地吸收与其内部电子跃迁相匹配的电磁辐射频率，引起原子晶格振动产生热量。热量改变核心材料的状态并解离内部共轭双键，最终导致微胶囊变色。