Aspirations toward technological sovereignty increasingly pervade the political debate. Yet, an ambiguous definition leaves the exact goal of those aspirations and the policies to fulfil them unclear. This opens the door for vested interests who benefit from misinterpreting the goal, e.g., as a strive for autarky, nationalism, and the rollback of globalization. To close this gap, we show how certain key technologies challenge state sovereignty as conventionally understood. By interpreting technological sovereignty in this light, we develop a competence-based definition, which puts innovation policy at the core of fulfilling sovereignty aspirations. Moreover, we establish the important role of international cooperation and trade to enhance technological sovereignty understood as ability. Hence, autarky would be detrimental rather than helpful to technological sovereignty. Two case studies illustrate how innovation policy helps to achieve technological sovereignty.

中文翻译：

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技术主权作为能力，而不是自给自足

对技术主权的渴望越来越渗透到政治辩论中。然而，模棱两可的定义使这些愿望的确切目标和实现这些愿望的政策变得模糊不清。这为既得利益者打开了大门，他们从误解目标中获益，例如，作为对自给自足、民族主义和全球化倒退的努力。为了缩小这一差距，我们展示了某些关键技术如何挑战传统理解的国家主权。通过从这个角度解释技术主权，我们制定了一个基于能力的定义，将创新政策置于实现主权愿望的核心。此外，我们确立了国际合作和贸易的重要作用，以增强被理解为能力的技术主权。因此，自给自足对技术主权不利而不是有帮助。两个案例研究说明了创新政策如何帮助实现技术主权。