A novel electrolysis-integrated anammox (Ele-anammox) process was developed for intensified nitrogen removal and concomitant phosphorus recovery from nutrient-rich wastewater. By conducting a parallel experiment, average removal efficiencies of total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) in Ele-anammox reactor reached 90.69% and 95.02% respectively, showing increases of 7.76% and 79.08%, as compared to the traditional anammox process. Anammox reaction and synergetic denitrification were mainly responsible for the reinforced N-removal. Successions of microbial communities revealed that declined markedly while was enriched in Ele-anammox system, suggesting that electrical environment provided with a competitive advantage over other anammox bacteria. Based on the proposed current control strategy (the applied current was calculated to match the influent P loading), precise release of soluble Fe could be achieved by anodic oxidation. Various elemental analysis methods, including the standards, measurements and testing (SMT) protocol, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (eSEM-EDX), X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (XRF) and inductively coupled plasma emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES), jointly indicated that the solid phase of Ele-anammox was primarily Fe-P precipitation, which showed a similar Fe:P ratio with vivianite (Fe(PO)·8HO, 1.5). X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis further validated the in-situ crystallization of vivianite, and semi-quantification implied a vivianite content of 85%. Mössbauer spectroscopy showed at least 51.48% ∼ 59.11% of iron was bound in vivianite, while impurity occupation and potential oxidization may impair the purity of P-recovery products, which should be concerned in future practice.

中文翻译：

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一种新型电解集成厌氧氨氧化系统，用于强化脱氮并同时回收磷（如蓝铁矿）

开发了一种新型电解集成厌氧氨氧化（Ele-anammox）工艺，用于从富含营养物的废水中强化脱氮并同时回收磷。通过平行实验，Ele-anammox反应器对总氮（TN）和总磷（TP）的平均去除率分别达到90.69%和95.02%，较传统厌氧氨氧化工艺分别提高了7.76%和79.08% 。厌氧氨氧化反应和协同反硝化是强化脱氮的主要原因。微生物群落的演替表明，Ele-anammox 系统中微生物群落显着下降，而富集，表明电环境比其他厌氧氨氧化细菌具有竞争优势。基于所提出的电流控制策略（计算施加的电流以匹配进水磷负载），可以通过阳极氧化实现可溶性铁的精确释放。各种元素分析方法，包括标准、测量和测试 (SMT) 协议、能量色散 X 射线光谱 (eSEM-EDX)、X 射线荧光光谱 (XRF) 和电感耦合等离子体发射光谱 (ICP-OES)，结果表明，Ele-anammox 的固相主要是 Fe-P 沉淀，其 Fe:P 比与钒铁矿 (Fe(PO)·8HO, 1.5) 相似。 X射线衍射（XRD）分析进一步验证了钒铁矿的原位结晶，半定量表明铁锰矿含量为85%。穆斯堡尔谱显示至少有51.48% ∼ 59.11%的铁结合在紫铁矿中，而杂质占据和潜在的氧化可能会损害磷回收产品的纯度，在未来的实践中应注意。