In this review, we describe the application of shaped pulses for EPR spectroscopy. Pulses generated by fast arbitrary waveform generators are mostly used in the field of EPR spectroscopy for broadband (200 MHz-1 GHz) excitation of paramagnetic species. The implementation and optimization of such broadband pulses in existing EPR spectrometers, often designed and optimized for short rectangular microwave pulses, is demanding. Therefore, a major part of this review will describe in detail the implementation, testing and optimization of shaped pulses in existing EPR spectrometers. Additionally, we review applications using such pulses for broadband inversion of longitudinal magnetization as well as for the creation and manipulation of transverse magnetization in the field of dipolar and hyperfine EPR spectroscopy. They demonstrate the great potential of shaped pulses to improve the performance of pulsed EPR experiments. We give a brief theoretical description of shaped pulses and their limitations, especially for adiabatic pulses, most often used in EPR. We believe that this review can on the one hand be of practical use to EPR groups starting to work with such pulses, and on the other hand give readers an overview of the state of the art of shaped pulse applications in EPR spectroscopy.

在这篇综述中，我们描述了整形脉冲在 EPR 光谱中的应用。由快速任意波形发生器产生的脉冲主要用于 EPR 光谱领域，用于顺磁性物质的宽带 (200 MHz-1 GHz) 激发。现有 EPR 光谱仪（通常针对短矩形微波脉冲进行设计和优化）中此类宽带脉冲的实现和优化要求很高。因此，本次综述的主要部分将详细描述现有 EPR 光谱仪中整形脉冲的实施、测试和优化。此外，我们还回顾了使用此类脉冲进行纵向磁化强度宽带反演以及在偶极和超精细 EPR 光谱领域中创建和操纵横向磁化强度的应用。他们展示了整形脉冲在提高脉冲 EPR 实验性能方面的巨大潜力。我们对整形脉冲及其局限性进行了简要的理论描述，特别是对于 EPR 中最常用的绝热脉冲。我们相信，这篇综述一方面可以对开始使用此类脉冲的 EPR 小组具有实际用途，另一方面可以让读者了解 EPR 光谱中整形脉冲应用的最新技术水平。