用于治疗应用的先进一氧化氮生成纳米药物,ACS Nano

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用于治疗应用的先进一氧化氮生成纳米药物
ACS Nano ( IF 15.8 ) Pub Date : 2023-05-01 , DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c02303
Zhixiong Wang ₁ , Albert Jin ₁ , Zhen Yang _{2,

3} , Wei Huang _{2,

3}

Affiliation

一氧化氮 (NO) 是一种广泛存在于人体内的气体递质，调节血管舒张、免疫反应、炎症、神经传递和其他重要功能。亚硝酸盐供体已在临床上用于治疗心绞痛、心力衰竭、肺动脉高压和勃起功能障碍。基于NO广泛的生物学功能，它还可以治疗肿瘤、细菌/生物膜和其他感染、伤口愈合、眼部疾病和骨质疏松症。然而，由于血液循环释放不受控制且半衰期低于五秒，输送 NO 具有挑战性。随着先进生物技术和纳米医学的发展，通过物理嵌入或化学缀合的方式将NO供体与多功能纳米载体包装在一起已被报道显示出改善的治疗效果和减少的副作用。在此，我们回顾和讨论NO纳米药物的最新应用、其治疗机制以及NO纳米药物对未来科学研究和临床应用的挑战。由于 NO 能够抑制传染性微生物（包括 COVID-19 冠状病毒和疟原虫）中 DNA 和 RNA 的复制，因此我们强调 NO 纳米药物在抗疫工作中的潜力。本综述旨在为一氧化氮纳米药物的设计策略和应用提供深入的见解和实用的提示。

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Advanced Nitric Oxide Generating Nanomedicine for Therapeutic Applications

Nitric oxide (NO), a gaseous transmitter extensively present in the human body, regulates vascular relaxation, immune response, inflammation, neurotransmission, and other crucial functions. Nitrite donors have been used clinically to treat angina, heart failure, pulmonary hypertension, and erectile dysfunction. Based on NO’s vast biological functions, it further can treat tumors, bacteria/biofilms and other infections, wound healing, eye diseases, and osteoporosis. However, delivering NO is challenging due to uncontrolled blood circulation release and a half-life of under five seconds. With advanced biotechnology and the development of nanomedicine, NO donors packaged with multifunctional nanocarriers by physically embedding or chemically conjugating have been reported to show improved therapeutic efficacy and reduced side effects. Herein, we review and discuss recent applications of NO nanomedicines, their therapeutic mechanisms, and the challenges of NO nanomedicines for future scientific studies and clinical applications. As NO enables the inhibition of the replication of DNA and RNA in infectious microbes, including COVID-19 coronaviruses and malaria parasites, we highlight the potential of NO nanomedicines for antipandemic efforts. This review aims to provide deep insights and practical hints into design strategies and applications of NO nanomedicines.

更新日期：2023-05-01

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