As the dominating parts of biological systems, microorganisms mediate the nitrogen removal process. Iron ion included Fe(II), Fe(III), and zero-valent iron (Fe⁰), enhanced nitrogen removal efficiency during the denitrification and anaerobic ammonia oxidation (anammox) processes, accelerated the electron transfer process, regulated the distribution of microbial flora by improving the metabolic activity and the secretion of extracellular polymeric substances. At the same time, iron ion has negative effects, which are discussed. Finally, this paper proposed the direction of research related to iron-mediated denitrification and anammox technology in wastewater treatment in the future.

作为生物系统的主导部分，微生物介导脱氮过程。铁离子包括 Fe(II)、Fe(III) 和零价铁 (Fe ⁰ )，提高反硝化和厌氧氨氧化 (anammox) 过程中的脱氮效率，加速电子转移过程，调节微生物分布通过提高代谢活性和细胞外聚合物质的分泌来改善菌群。同时，铁离子也有负面影响，对此进行了讨论。最后，本文提出了未来铁介导反硝化和厌氧氨氧化技术在废水处理中的相关研究方向。