Abstract

This study aimed to examine the characteristics of clusters and the factors that influence the profitability of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) farming in Abancay province (Apurimac, Peru). The area is located in the Andes mountains at an altitude of 2,378 meters. Information was collected through a questionnaire. The sample consisted of 100% of the aquaculture farmers registered in the National Aquaculture Registry of the Ministry of Production of Peru for the area. Fish farmers were classified as LRA (limited resource aquaculture) or MSAE (micro and small aquaculture enterprise) according to their production category, however there were also fish farmers who fit into both categories. Four conglomerates were identified, monoculture fish farmers (only trout) from micro and small businesses, mixed fish farmers (trout production plus other activities) with 1–2 years of experience in the activity, mixed fish farmers who produce for consumption and familiar enterprises using unpaid labor, and an extensive system with mixed fish farmers who produce for self-consumption. It was also found that years of experience, water source, sales market, and the main activity were related to profitability.

摘要

本研究旨在探讨集群特征及影响虹鳟鱼（ Oncorhynchus mykiss）盈利能力的因素) 在 Abancay 省（秘鲁阿普里马克）耕种。该地区位于海拔2378米的安第斯山脉。信息是通过问卷收集的。样本由 100% 在秘鲁生产部国家水产养殖登记处注册的该地区的水产养殖户组成。养鱼户根据其生产类别分为 LRA（有限资源水产养殖）或 MSAE（微型和小型水产养殖企业），但也有同时属于这两个类别的养鱼户。确定了四个企业集团，来自微型和小型企业的单一养殖渔民（仅鳟鱼），具有 1-2 年活动经验的混合养鱼户（鳟鱼生产加其他活动），生产供消费的混合养鱼户和熟悉的企业使用无偿劳动，以及一个广泛的系统，由混合养鱼户生产供自己消费。还发现年限、水源、销售市场和主要活动与盈利能力相关。