One of the many physical questions that have emerged from studies of heavy-ion collisions at RHIC and the LHC concerns the validity of hydrodynamic modelling at the very early stages, when the Quark–Gluon Plasma system produced is still far from isotropy. In this article we review the idea of far-from-equilibrium hydrodynamic attractors as a way to understand how the complexity of initial states of nuclear matter is reduced so that a hydrodynamic description can be effective.

中文翻译：

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超相对论核碰撞中的流体动力吸引子

从 RHIC 和 LHC 的重离子碰撞研究中出现的许多物理问题之一涉及早期阶段流体动力学模型的有效性，当时产生的夸克-胶子等离子体系统仍远非各向同性。在这篇文章中，我们回顾了远离平衡流体动力吸引子的想法，以此来理解如何降低核物质初始状态的复杂性，从而使流体动力描述变得有效。