Planta ( IF 3.6 ) Pub Date : 2023-04-22 , DOI: 10.1007/s00425-023-04117-z Jan Kępczyński 1 , Agata Wójcik 1 , Michał Dziurka 2
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Main conclusion
NO releases caryopsis dormancy in Avena fatua, the effect being dependent on the level of dormancy. The NO effect involves also the reduction of caryopsis sensitivity to ABA and to a decrease in the ABA to GAs ratio due to a decrease in ABA levels and the lack of effect on GAs levels before germination is completed.
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) from various donors (i.e. SNP, GSNO and acidified KNO2), applied to dry caryopses or during initial germination, released primary dormancy in caryopses. Dormancy in caryopses was gradually lost during dry storage (after-ripening) at 25 °C, enabling germination at 20 °C in the dark. The after-ripening effect is associated with a decrease in NO required for germination. In addition, NO decreased the sensitivity of dormant caryopses to exogenous abscisic acid (ABA) and decreased the embryos’ ABA content before germination was completed. However, NO did not affect the content of bioactive gibberellins (GAs) from non-13-hydroxylation (GA4, GA7) and 13-hydroxylation (GA1, GA3, GA6.) pathways. Paclobutrazol (PAC), commonly regarded as a GAs biosynthesis inhibitor, counteracted the dormancy-releasing effect of NO and did not affect the GAs level; however, it increased the ABA content in embryos before germination was completed. Ascorbic acid, sodium benzoate and tiron, scavengers of reactive oxygen species (ROS), reduced the stimulatory effect of NO on caryopsis germination. This work provides new insight on the participation of NO in releasing A. fatua caryopses dormancy and on the relationship of NO with endogenous ABA and GAs.
中文翻译：
NO 介导的 Avena fatua 颖果休眠释放与脱落酸敏感性、含量和 ABA/GAs 比率的降低有关
主要结论
NO 释放Avena fatua中的颖果休眠，其效果取决于休眠水平。NO 效应还涉及颖果对 ABA 敏感性的降低和 ABA 与 GA比例的降低，这是由于 ABA 水平的降低以及在发芽完成之前对 GA 水平没有影响。
抽象的
来自各种供体（即 SNP、GSNO 和酸化 KNO 2 ）的一氧化氮 (NO)应用于干燥的颖果或在初始发芽期间释放颖果的初级休眠。在 25 °C 的干燥储存（后熟）过程中，颖果的休眠逐渐消失，从而能够在 20 °C 的黑暗中发芽。后熟效应与发芽所需的 NO 减少有关。此外，NO 降低了休眠颖果对外源脱落酸 (ABA) 的敏感性，并降低了萌发完成前胚胎的 ABA 含量。然而，NO不影响来自非13-羟基化（GA 4，GA 7）和13-羟基化（GA 1，GA 3 ）的生物活性赤霉素（GA s ）的含量, GA 6. ) 途径。多效唑 (PAC)，通常被认为是 GA的生物合成抑制剂，可抵消 NO 的休眠释放作用，并且不影响 GA的水平；然而，它在发芽完成之前增加了胚胎中的 ABA 含量。活性氧 (ROS) 清除剂抗坏血酸、苯甲酸钠和钛铁降低了 NO 对颖果萌发的刺激作用。这项工作为 NO 参与释放A. fatua颖果休眠以及 NO 与内源 ABA 和GA 的关系提供了新的见解。
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