Recently, optical chemical sensors have been used to simplify traditional methods of chemical analyses. Indeed, sensing strategies based on the photoluminescence properties of nanomaterials need to be well-understood, since there are several nanomaterials with different features regarding their applicability in the optical sensor field. This review summarizes the main 0D, 1D and 2D nanomaterials used in sensing devices, with a special look in their optical properties and different methods of synthesis, as well as a briefing overview related to their colloidal stability, chemical structure and kinetic and thermodynamic parameters. In addition, the analytical performances of different optical sensing strategies are also highlighted, in which pattern recognition algorithms and the development of polymeric-based films are tools used to contribute for the application of new optical chemical sensors with exceptional sensibility and selectivity. Furthermore, this review would give some insights into advances development of optical chemical sensors, using nanomaterials of different dimensionalities.

最近，光学化学传感器已被用于简化传统的化学分析方法。事实上，需要很好地理解基于纳米材料光致发光特性的传感策略，因为有几种纳米材料在光学传感器领域的适用性方面具有不同的特性。本综述总结了传感设备中使用的主要 0D、1D 和 2D 纳米材料，特别介绍了它们的光学特性和不同的合成方法，并简要概述了它们的胶体稳定性、化学结构以及动力学和热力学参数。此外，还强调了不同光学传感策略的分析性能，其中模式识别算法和基于聚合物的薄膜的开发是用于促进具有卓越敏感性和选择性的新型光学化学传感器应用的工具。此外，这篇综述将对使用不同维度的纳米材料的光学化学传感器的进展提供一些见解。