This article examines a set of public universities that opened after 1848 across California, Australasia, South Africa and Canada. It argues that these institutions, termed the ‘goldfield foundations’, owed the speed of their formation, if not their existence, to the period’s global gold and mineral rushes. During the first capital-intensive years of university development, new mineral wealth added liquidity to colonial finance and enriched the main sources of university income. At the same time, the social upheaval caused by gold rushes stimulated regionalism and drives to re-establish Old World hierarchies in ways that made university building attractive. Exploring these institutions’ interconnected development has important implications for the study of empire, extractive capitalism and globalization. The relationship between higher education and mineral extraction in the nineteenth century was co-constitutive. Goldfield universities’ rapid growth depended upon the imperial and global circuits of ideas, people and capital that flowed from the rushes. Yet, once opened, these universities became tremendous drivers of globalization themselves, producing techniques of extraction, expertise and technologies that propelled the global mining industry and prolonged the mineral rushes that had first established them.

中文翻译：

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淘金热、大学和全球化，1840 年至 1910 年

本文考察了 1848 年后在加利福尼亚、澳大利亚、南非和加拿大开设的一组公立大学。它争辩说，这些被称为“金矿基金会”的机构，即使不是它们的存在，也要归功于该时期的全球淘金和矿产热。在大学发展的第一个资本密集期，新的矿产财富增加了殖民金融的流动性，丰富了大学收入的主要来源。与此同时，淘金热引起的社会动荡刺激了区域主义，并以吸引大学建筑的方式重新建立旧世界的等级制度。探索这些制度的相互关联发展对于帝国、榨取式资本主义和全球化的研究具有重要意义。19 世纪高等教育与矿产开采之间的关系是共同构成的。Goldfield 大学的快速发展依赖于来自灯芯草的思想、人才和资本的帝国和全球循环。然而，一旦开办，这些大学本身就成为了全球化的巨大推动力，产生了推动全球采矿业发展的开采技术、专业知识和技术，并延长了最初建立它们的矿产热潮。