This article analyses the petition and response process in late medieval Castile, focusing on petitions of grievance submitted to the Royal Council during the reign of Isabel I and Fernando II (r.1474–1504). Studies published in recent decades have revised our understanding of petitionary practices and their significance to systems of governance in medieval and early modern Europe. One persistent gap in this scholarship, however, concerns the ‘aftermath’ of petitioning — that is, the occurrences that followed the grant of petitions and the issuance of royal decrees in response. Drawing on the rich documentation that has survived from late fifteenth- and early sixteenth-century Castile, this article highlights the importance of studying the local spaces of interactions where beneficiaries of royal decrees tried to bring them into effect through acts of claims-making. The evidence from Castile is mobilized to illuminate the forms of negotiation and contestation that informed the presentations of ‘letters of justice’ issued by the Royal Council, the mechanisms used by the royal authority to enforce its commands, and the ways that factors such as speed, publicity and violence shaped the meanings petitioning assumed in different contexts of dispute. The analysis of petitioning bears implications for understanding royal power in the Castilian monarchy, drawing attention to a pattern of intensifying communications between the central royal government and non-elites. As they petitioned the Royal Council, thousands of Castilians sought empowerment in local disputes. At the same time, mass participation in the petitioning process played a major role in legitimizing royal power and furthering its embeddedness in the localities.

中文翻译：

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作为社会过程的请愿和回应：中世纪晚期卡斯蒂利亚的王权、正义和人民（c.1474-1504）

本文分析了中世纪晚期卡斯蒂利亚的请愿和回应过程，重点关注伊莎贝尔一世和费尔南多二世（1474-1504 年在位）统治期间向皇家委员会提交的申诉。近几十年来发表的研究修正了我们对请愿实践及其对中世纪和现代早期欧洲治理体系的意义的理解。然而，这项奖学金的一个持续空白涉及请愿的“后果”——即在批准请愿和发布皇家法令作为回应之后发生的事件。借鉴 15 世纪末和 16 世纪初卡斯蒂利亚遗留下来的丰富文献，本文强调了研究当地互动空间的重要性，在这些互动空间中，皇家法令的受益人试图通过提出主张的行为使法令生效。卡斯蒂利亚的证据被用来阐明谈判和争论的形式，这些形式为皇家委员会发布的“正义书”的介绍提供了信息，皇家当局用来执行其命令的机制，以及速度等因素的方式、宣传和暴力塑造了上访在不同争议背景下的含义。对请愿的分析对理解卡斯蒂利亚君主制的王权具有重要意义，引起人们对中央王室政府与非精英之间加强交流的模式的关注。当他们向皇家委员会请愿时，成千上万的卡斯蒂利亚人在地方争端中寻求赋权。与此同时，群众参与上访过程在王权合法化和进一步深入地方方面发挥了重要作用。