Communications Biology ( IF 5.2 ) Pub Date : 2023-04-12 , DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-04728-y Alessandro Cresci 1 , Guosong Zhang 2 , Caroline M F Durif 1 , Torkel Larsen 1 , Steven Shema 1 , Anne Berit Skiftesvik 1 , Howard I Browman 1
The number and size of offshore wind (OW) turbines is increasing rapidly. OW turbines produce continuous, low-frequency noise that could impact marine fish dispersing/migrating through the facilities. Any such impact would be relevant for larval stages, which have limited possibility to swim away from OW facilities. If directional movement of fish larvae at sea is impacted by low-frequency continuous sound is unknown. We observe the behavior of Atlantic cod larvae (N = 89) in response to low-frequency sound while they are drifting in a Norwegian fjord inside transparent drifting chambers. We transmit 100 Hz continuous sound in the fjord, in the intensity range of OW turbines’ operational noise, and measure the sound pressure and 3-D particle motion. Half of the larvae (N = 45) are exposed to low-frequency (100 Hz) continuous sound, while the other half (N = 44) are observed under the same conditions but without the sound. Exposure does not affect the routine and maximum swimming speeds or the turning behavior of the larvae. Control larvae orient to the northwest. In contrast, exposed larvae orient towards the source of low-frequency sound and particle motion. This provides a basis to assess how OW might impact dispersal in this species.
中文翻译:
大西洋鳕鱼 (Gadus morhua) 幼虫被模拟海上风电场运行的低频噪声吸引
海上风力 (OW) 涡轮机的数量和规模正在迅速增加。OW 涡轮机产生连续的低频噪音,可能会影响海鱼在设施中的扩散/迁移。任何此类影响都与幼体阶段相关,幼体阶段游离 OW 设施的可能性有限。不知道鱼幼体在海上的定向运动是否受到低频连续声音的影响。我们观察大西洋鳕鱼幼虫 ( N = 89) 在挪威峡湾透明漂流室内漂流时对低频声音的反应行为。我们在峡湾中传输 100 Hz 连续声音,在 OW 涡轮机运行噪音的强度范围内,并测量声压和 3-D 粒子运动。一半的幼虫 ( N = 45) 暴露于低频 (100 Hz) 连续声音,而另一半 ( N = 44) 在相同条件下观察但没有声音。暴露不会影响幼虫的常规和最大游泳速度或转动行为。控制幼虫向西北定向。相反,暴露的幼虫朝向低频声音和粒子运动的来源。这为评估 OW 如何影响该物种的扩散提供了基础。