鸡 HOXC8 和 HOXC10 基因可能在与 Crest 表型相关的头骨形态改变中发挥作用,Journal of Experimental Zoology-B: Molecular and Developmental Evolution

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鸡 HOXC8 和 HOXC10 基因可能在与 Crest 表型相关的头骨形态改变中发挥作用
Journal of Experimental Zoology-B: Molecular and Developmental Evolution ( IF 1.8 ) Pub Date : 2023-04-11 , DOI: 10.1002/jez.b.23194
Dien-Yu Tsai, Jiun-Jie Chen, Pei-Chi Su, I-Ming Liu, Skye Hsin-Hsien Yeh, Chih-Kuan Chen, Hsu-Chen Cheng, Chih-Feng Chen, Wen-Hsiung Li, Chen Siang Ng

家鸡中发现的最有趣的特征之一是冠表型。这种特征的特点是从头部长出一簇细长的羽毛，在波兰鸡和乌骨鸡等品种中被发现。此外，一些凤头鸡品种的前背头骨区域也表现出突起。之前的研究一直致力于找出这一特征的致病因素。本研究旨在阐明鸡HOXC8和HOXC10在 Crest 表型形成中的作用。我们利用RCAS逆转录病毒转化系统探讨了HOXC8或HOXC10异位表达对鸡颅面形态的影响。进行微计算机断层扫描来测量转基因胚胎颅骨的 3D 结构，以进行几何形态分析。我们发现，与GFP转基因对照组相比，鸡头中HOXC8或HOXC10的异位表达引起头骨轻微的形态变化。几何形态分析表明，与对照组相比， HOXC8和HOXC10转基因组的头骨额叶区域表现出轻微向上的形状变化，这与凤头鸡品种相似。总之，这项研究支持了之前的研究结果，即HOX基因在与 Crest 表型相关的头骨形态改变的形成中发挥作用。它还支持HOX基因的突变可能导致脊椎动物形态特征的种内和种间变异。

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Chicken HOXC8 and HOXC10 genes may play a role in the altered skull morphology associated with the Crest phenotype

One of the most intriguing traits found in domestic chickens is the Crest phenotype. This trait, characterized by a tuft of elongated feathers sprouted from the head, is found in breeds such as Polish chickens and Silkie chickens. Moreover, some crested chicken breeds also exhibit a protuberance in their anterodorsal skull region. Previous studies have strived to identify the causative factors of this trait. This study aimed to elucidate the role of chicken HOXC8 and HOXC10 in the formation of the Crest phenotype. We explored the effect of ectopic expression of HOXC8 or HOXC10 on the chicken craniofacial morphology using the RCAS retrovirus transformation system. Microcomputed tomography scanning was conducted to measure the 3D structure of the cranial bone of transgenic embryos for geometric morphometric analysis. We found that the ectopic expression of HOXC8 or HOXC10 in chicken heads caused mild morphological changes in the skull compared with the GFP-transgenic control group. Geometric morphometric analysis showed that HOXC8 and HOXC10 transgenic groups expressed a mild upward shape change in the frontal region of the skull compared with the control group, which is similar to what is seen in the crested chicken breeds. In conclusion, this study supports findings in previous studies in which HOX genes play a role in the formation of the altered skull morphology related to the Crest phenotype. It also supports that mutations in HOX genes may contribute to intra- and inter-specific variation in morphological traits in vertebrates.

更新日期：2023-04-11

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