Baicalin (7-D-glucuronic acid-5,6-dihydroxyflavone) belongs to natural flavonoids extracted from the roots of Scutellaria baicalensis, the plant used in traditional Chinese medicine. It has been proven that baicalin has various pharmacological activities, such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antibacterial, and anti-apoptotic ones. However, it is essential not only to determine the medical usefulness of baicalin, but also to find and develop the most effective methods for its extraction and detection. Therefore, the aim of this review was to summarize the current methods of detection and identification of baicalin and to present the medical applications of baicalin and the underlying mechanisms of its action. Based on the review of the latest literature, it can be concluded that liquid chromatography alone or together with mass spectrometry is the most commonly used method for the determination of baicalin. Recently, also new electrochemical methods have been established, e.g., biosensors with fluorescence, which have better detection limits, sensitivity, and selectivity.

中文翻译：

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黄芩苷——检测方法和健康促进特性的当前趋势

Baicalin (7-D-glucuronic acid-5,6-dihydroxyflavone) 属于天然黄酮类化合物，从中药黄芩的根中提取。已证明黄芩苷具有多种药理活性，如抗氧化、抗炎、抗癌、抗菌和抗细胞凋亡等。然而，不仅要确定黄芩苷的医学用途，而且要找到和开发最有效的提取和检测方法也很重要。因此，本综述的目的是总结目前黄芩苷的检测和鉴定方法，并介绍黄芩苷的医学应用及其作用机制。根据对最新文献的回顾，可以得出结论，单独使用液相色谱法或与质谱联用是测定黄芩苷最常用的方法。最近，还建立了新的电化学方法，例如具有更好检测限、灵敏度和选择性的荧光生物传感器。