Hydrogen is the most promising alternative energy recently that is renewable and clean due to its sustainability, great potential as energy source and efficiency during the conversion. In fact, microalgal biohydrogen has attracted significant attentions as a clean and sustainable fuel to achieve the carbon neutrality and sustainability in environment. In this review, the mechanisms of biological methods and electrochemical methods, and the enzymes involved in the biohydrogen generation from microalgae have been inclusively and rudimentary detailed. The review also summarizes the benefits and drawbacks of each technique, and compares the biohydrogen yields from each method based on the results reported by the recent studies. Furthermore, the key factors that influence the biohydrogen yields including pH, light intensity, cell density, temperature and substrate introduced have been addressed as well in this review. Moreover, the review also highlights the primary shortcomings encountered which are oxygen sensitivity of enzymes and low biohydrogen yield. Lastly, the resolutions to enhance the biohydrogen production together with the future prospects for sustainable biohydrogen production from microalgae are opined systematically.

氢是最近最有前途的替代能源，由于其可持续性、作为能源的巨大潜力和转换过程中的效率，它是可再生和清洁的。事实上，微藻生物氢作为一种清洁和可持续的燃料已经引起了人们的广泛关注，以实现环境中的碳中和和可持续性。在这篇综述中，对生物方法和电化学方法的机制，以及参与微藻生物氢生成的酶进行了全面和初步的详细介绍。该评论还总结了每种技术的优点和缺点，并根据最近研究报告的结果比较了每种方法的生物氢产量。此外，影响生物氢产量的关键因素包括 pH、光照强度、细胞密度、温度和引入的底物在本次审查中也得到了解决。此外，该综述还强调了遇到的主要缺点，即酶的氧敏感性和低生物氢产量。最后，系统地提出了加强生物制氢的决议以及微藻可持续生物制氢的未来前景。