ABSTRACT

This article examines the crime of archaeological excavation addressed in the article (26/a/1) of the Antiquities Law of (1988). Clarification of the pillars of such crime required the adoption of descriptive and analytical approach. It included reviewing relevant viewpoints of jurists and judicial jurisprudence. A Thorough analysis included the determination of material, moral elements of the crime and applied penalty. This crime acquires the description of a misdemeanor in crime classification system. Thus, illegal archaeological-excavation activity forms the material element of such misdemeanor. Moreover, illegal archaeological excavation must be carried out in an archaeological site. The moral element of this crime is represented by the general criminal intent. It means that the offender was aware that he is illegally excavating in an archaeological site. The Jordanian legislator required the existence of a special intention expressed in the offender’s aim to find antiquities or archaeological remains.

摘要

本文探讨了1988年《古物法》第26/a/1条规定的考古发掘罪。澄清此类犯罪的支柱需要采用描述性和分析性方法。它包括回顾法学家和司法判例的相关观点。彻底的分析包括确定犯罪的物质、道德要素和适用的刑罚。该犯罪在犯罪分类系统中被列为轻罪。因此，非法考古发掘活动构成了此类轻罪的物质要件。而且，非法考古发掘必须在考古遗址内进行。本罪的道德要素表现为一般犯罪意图。这意味着犯罪者知道他正在考古遗址中进行非法挖掘。约旦立法者要求犯罪者在寻找古物或考古遗迹的目的中存在特殊意图。