Several major alcohol theoretical frameworks postulate that people consume alcohol to attain relief from negative states. These relief experiences are consistent with the classification of alcohol as a central nervous system depressant and may reinforce drinking behaviors that sustain the addiction cycle. The present research developed and validated a multidimensional questionnaire to assess the relief effects and experiences attributed to alcohol consumption in adult drinkers. In Study 1 (N = 380), an initial set of questionnaire items representing an array of alcohol relief effects was administered, and exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was performed. A correlated four-factor structure consisting of psychological relief, interpersonal relief, sleep relief, and physical relief was exhibited. In Study 2 (N = 531), confirmatory factor analysis cross-validated the four-factor structure. In tests of convergent, discriminant, and criterion-related validities, the four alcohol relief subscales evidenced differential correlations with subscales of alcohol expectancies and alcohol affect and correlated with higher drink frequency, drink quantity, and alcohol problems. Furthermore, the overall alcohol relief scale incrementally explained alcohol use and problems beyond positive and negative alcohol expectancies and alcohol affect. The Alcohol Relief Questionnaire (ARQ) advances the conceptualization of relief as a multidimensional construct stemming from self-medication with alcohol. The measure and its subscales may be used to inform etiology, prevention, and treatment of alcohol use and misuse. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).

中文翻译：

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酒精缓解问卷：开发和验证多维量表以衡量饮酒对心理、人际关系、睡眠和身体的缓解作用。

几个主要的酒精理论框架假设人们饮酒是为了从消极状态中解脱出来。这些缓解体验与酒精作为中枢神经系统抑制剂的分类一致，并可能加强维持成瘾周期的饮酒行为。本研究开发并验证了一个多维问卷，以评估成年饮酒者饮酒带来的缓解效果和体验。在研究 1（N = 380）中，管理了一组代表一系列酒精缓解效果的初始问卷项目，并进行了探索性因素分析（EFA）。展示了由心理缓解、人际缓解、睡眠缓解和身体缓解组成的相关四因素结构。在研究 2 (N = 531) 中，验证性因素分析交叉验证了四因素结构。在收敛、判别和标准相关有效性的测试中，四个酒精缓解分量表证明了与酒精预期和酒精影响分量表的差异相关性，并与更高的饮酒频率、饮酒量和酒精问题相关。此外，总体酒精缓解量表逐渐解释了酒精使用和超出积极和消极酒精预期和酒精影响的问题。酒精缓解问卷 (ARQ) 将缓解的概念化作为源于酒精自我药疗的多维结构。该措施及其分量表可用于告知酒精使用和滥用的病因学、预防和治疗。（PsycInfo 数据库记录 (c) 2023 APA，保留所有权利）。