We use experience sampling methodology and adopt the integrative needs model of crafting to investigate employees' daily energy trajectories, and to test whether employees' energy can be conserved or increased throughout the day through the proactive behavioral strategy of needs-based crafting. We first examine the daily trajectories of energy and then investigate the role of employees' daily crafting efforts (at work and in their private lives) in managing their energy throughout the day. Finally, we explore the daily within-person trajectories of needs-based crafting. We tested our hypotheses on a sample of 110 employees providing data on four nonconsecutive days (resulting in 2,358 observations nested in 396 days). Continuous growth curve analyses confirmed that energy follows an inverted U-shaped pattern of increasing energy until noon, after which energy steadily decreased until bedtime. However, daily crafting efforts contributed to these change trajectories: On days when employees crafted more than average, their energy was higher, particularly in the morning and afternoon. These positive crafting effects disappeared toward the end of the day, before bedtime. Crafting followed a linear trajectory, increasing over the course of the day, suggesting that it is a proactive strategy people also engage in outside of work. This suggests that domain-spanning needs-based crafting could be an important proactive strategy to maintain higher energy throughout an entire working day, even in the afternoon, when energy normally starts to fall. Our research contributes to our understanding of the nature of energy and of the microdynamic, within-person energy effects of general crafting efforts. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).

中文翻译：

---

工艺和人类能量：跨生活领域的基于需求的工艺努力塑造员工的日常能量轨迹。

我们使用经验抽样方法，采用工艺的综合需求模型来调查员工每天的能量轨迹，并通过基于需求的工艺的主动行为策略来测试员工的能量是否可以在一天中得到保存或增加。我们首先检查每天的能量轨迹，然后调查员工日常工作（在工作和私人生活中）在全天管理能量方面的作用。最后，我们探索了基于需求的手工制作的日常轨迹。我们以 110 名员工为样本测试了我们的假设，这些员工提供了不连续四天的数据（结果是在 396 天内嵌套了 2,358 次观察）。连续增长曲线分析证实，能量遵循倒 U 形模式，即直到中午能量增加，之后能量稳步下降直到就寝时间。然而，日常的手工制作工作促成了这些变化轨迹：在员工手工制作超过平均水平的日子里，他们的精力更高，尤其是在上午和下午。这些积极的手工效果在一天结束时消失了，就在睡前。手工艺遵循线性轨迹，随着一天的推移而增加，这表明这是人们在工作之外也会参与的一种积极主动的策略。这表明跨领域的基于需求的工艺可能是一种重要的主动策略，可以在整个工作日保持较高的能量，即使是在能量通常开始下降的下午。我们的研究有助于我们理解能量的本质，以及一般手工艺工作的微观动力学、人体内能量效应。（PsycInfo 数据库记录 (c) 2023 APA，保留所有权利）。