Apicosome: Newly identified cell-type-specific organelle in mouse cochlear and vestibular hair cells,iScience

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Apicosome: Newly identified cell-type-specific organelle in mouse cochlear and vestibular hair cells
iScience ( IF 4.6 ) Pub Date : 2023-03-31 , DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.106535
Xiaofen Li _{1,

2,

3} , Qirui Zhao ₁ , Xiaojie Yu ₁ , Wenhan Cao _{4,

5,

6} , Yingyi Zhang _{7,

8} , Wanying Feng ₁ , Liwen Jiang ₄ , David Z He ₉ , Robert Z Qi _{1,

10} , Pingbo Huang _{1,

2,

11,

12,

13}

Affiliation

Division of Life Science, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong 999077, China.
Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong 999077, China.
Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China.
School of Life Sciences, Centre for Cell & Developmental Biology and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong 999077, China.
State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China.
Provincial Key Laboratory of Forest Aromatic Plants-based Healthcare Functions, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou 311300, China.
Biological Cryo-EM Center, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong 999077, China.
Office of the Vice-President for Research and Development, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong 999077, China.
Department of Biomedical Sciences, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, NE 68178, USA.
Bioscience and Biomedical Engineering Thrust, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (Guangzhou), Guangzhou 511453, China.
State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong 999077, China.
HKUST Shenzhen Research Institute, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong 999077, China.
Hong Kong Branch of Guangdong Southern Marine Science and Engineering Laboratory (Guangzhou), Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong 999077, China.

Cochlear and vestibular hair cells are highly specialized sensory receptors for hearing and balance. Here, we report a serendipitous identification of a hair-cell-specific organelle in neonatal mouse inner ear, which we name “apicosome.” The apicosome is ∼500 nm in diameter and shows itinerant nature and transient appearance during development in cochlear hair cells. In contrast to cochlear hair cells, the apicosome persists in vestibular hair cells even in adult. The timing of apicosome translocation and disappearance in cochlear hair cells during development is correlated with kinocilium development and maintenance. The apicosome is not seen in supporting cells despite the fact that nascent supporting cells have microvilli and a primary cilium. Interestingly, transdifferentiated hair cells from supporting cells also contain apicosome, suggesting that it is unique to hair cells. Thus, our study identifies a previously undescribed organelle in hair cells and lays the foundation for further characterization of this specialized structure.

中文翻译：

顶体：小鼠耳蜗和前庭毛细胞中新发现的细胞类型特异性细胞器

耳蜗和前庭毛细胞是负责听力和平衡的高度专业化的感觉受体。在这里，我们报告了在新生小鼠内耳中偶然发现的毛细胞特异性细胞器，我们将其命名为“顶端体”。顶小体的直径约为 500 nm，在耳蜗毛细胞发育过程中表现出巡回性质和短暂外观。与耳蜗毛细胞相反，即使在成人中，顶体也持续存在于前庭毛细胞中。发育过程中耳蜗毛细胞顶体易位和消失的时间与动纤毛的发育和维持相关。尽管新生支持细胞具有微绒毛和初级纤毛，但在支持细胞中未见顶体。有趣的是，从支持细胞转分化的毛细胞也含有顶端体，这表明它是毛细胞所独有的。因此，我们的研究鉴定了毛细胞中以前未描述的细胞器，并为进一步表征这种特殊结构奠定了基础。

更新日期：2023-03-31

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