Within the last decade, declining son preference in Asia has given rise to gender-equitable fertility preferences. These include daughter preference, gender indifference, and gender balance. Using five rounds of the India National Family Health Surveys, I investigate the sources of the trends in shifting parental preferences for the gender of their children. Over more than a quarter-century period (1992–1993 to 2019–2021), I find a significant decline in son preference from 40 to 18 percent and an increase in gender-equitable preferences among most subpopulations. Multivariate analysis shows that for all survey years, education and frequent exposure to television significantly increased the odds of gender-equitable preferences. In the last decade, community norms supporting women's employment are also associated with gender-equitable preferences. In addition, decomposition analysis shows that compared to compositional change, social norm change accounts for two-thirds of the rise in gender-equitable preferences. These findings suggest that rising norms of gender equality have the potential to dismantle gender-biased preferences in India.

中文翻译：

---

一个女孩和一个男孩，是欢乐的结合：印度性别平等生育偏好的上升

在过去十年中，亚洲男孩偏好的下降导致了性别平等的生育偏好。这些包括女儿偏好、性别冷漠和性别平衡。通过五轮印度全国家庭健康调查，我调查了父母对子女性别偏好转变趋势的来源。在超过四分之一个世纪的时间里（1992-1993 到 2019-2021），我发现男孩偏好从 40% 显着下降到 18%，并且大多数亚人群的性别平等偏好有所增加。多变量分析表明，在所有调查年份中，教育和经常看电视显着增加了性别平等偏好的几率。在过去十年中，支持妇女的社区规范 就业也与性别平等偏好有关。此外，分解分析表明，与构成变化相比，社会规范变化占性别平等偏好上升的三分之二。这些调查结果表明，不断提高的性别平等规范有可能消除印度的性别偏见偏好。