Non-coding RNAs, including long-chain non-coding RNA (lncRNA) and micro-RNA (miRNA), have been implicated in osteoporosis (OP) progression by regulating osteoblast-dependent bone metabolism. Herein, we investigated whether LINC01234, miR-513a-5p, and AOX1 regulate osteogenic differentiation and proliferation of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs). The expression of LINC01234, miR-513a-5p, and AOX1 was monitored using RT-qPCR or western blotting. Cell proliferation was assessed using a CCK8 assay. Alkaline phosphatase activity (ALP) and alizarin red dye staining were performed to determine osteogenic differentiation. Furthermore, the expression of osteoblast differentiation markers, such as ALP, BMP1 (bone morphogenetic protein 1), osteocalcin (OCN), and osteopontin (OPN), was determined by RT-qPCR. Luciferase reporter and RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assays were performed to verify the interplay between miR-513a-5p and LINC01234 or AOX1. Compared with the plasma of healthy controls, LINC01234 and AOX1 were highly expressed in the plasma of patients with OP, whereas miR-513a-5p showed low expression. In contrast, LINC01234 and AOX1 expression displayed a gradual decrease in induced differentiated hMSCs, while miR-513a-5p expression was upregulated with induction time. The predicted binding sites between miR-513a-5p and LINC01234 or AOX1 were verified by luciferase reporter and RIP assays. LINC01234 silencing induced osteogenic differentiation and proliferation in vitro, and miR-513a-5p silencing blunted osteogenic differentiation and proliferation modulated by LINC01234. AOX1 silencing caused by miR-513a-5p enhances osteogenic proliferation and differentiation. LINC01234 sponging of the miR-513a-5p/AOX1 axis impeded the osteogenic differentiation of hMSCs, favoring OP progression.

非编码RNA，包括长链非编码RNA（lncRNA）和微小RNA（miRNA），通过调节成骨细胞依赖性骨代谢与骨质疏松（OP）进展有关。在此，我们研究了 LINC01234、miR-513a-5p 和 AOX1 是否调节人骨髓间充质干细胞 (hMSC) 的成骨分化和增殖。使用 RT-qPCR 或蛋白质印迹法监测 LINC01234、miR-513a-5p 和 AOX1 的表达。使用 CCK8 测定评估细胞增殖。进行碱性磷酸酶活性（ALP）和茜素红染色以确定成骨分化。此外，通过RT-qPCR测定成骨细胞分化标志物的表达，例如ALP、BMP1（骨形态发生蛋白1）、骨钙素（OCN）和骨桥蛋白（OPN）。进行荧光素酶报告基因和 RNA 免疫沉淀 (RIP) 测定，以验证 miR-513a-5p 与 LINC01234 或 AOX1 之间的相互作用。与健康对照血浆相比，OP患者血浆中LINC01234和AOX1高表达，而miR-513a-5p低表达。相比之下，LINC01234和AOX1表达在诱导分化的hMSC中逐渐减少，而miR-513a-5p表达随着诱导时间的延长而上调。通过荧光素酶报告基因和 RIP 测定验证了 miR-513a-5p 和 LINC01234 或 AOX1 之间的预测结合位点。LINC01234 沉默在体外诱导成骨分化和增殖，而 miR-513a-5p 沉默减弱了 LINC01234 调节的成骨分化和增殖。miR-513a-5p 引起的 AOX1 沉默可增强成骨增殖和分化。LINC01234 对 miR-513a-5p/AOX1 轴的海绵作用阻碍了 hMSC 的成骨分化，有利于 OP 进展。