This research used network pharmacology, molecular docking, in vivo studies, and other techniques to investigate the biological activity and mechanism of action of urolithin A (UA) in treating combined allergic rhinitis and asthma syndrome (CARAS). Urolithin A and potential related targets of allergic rhinitis and asthma were searched from the public databases. Then, bioinformatics analyses were given to protein–protein interaction (PPI), Gene Ontology (GO), and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG). Subsequently, molecular docking and molecular dynamic simulation were performed, aiming at predicting the binding of the active compound to the core target. Finally, in vivo experiment was conducted for further validation. A total of 45 common targets of allergic rhinitis and urolithin A and 62 common targets of asthma and urolithin A were identified, among which six common core targets were screened with Cytoscape. Molecular docking indicated that these core targets had good binding activity to urolithin A, which was further confirmed by molecular dynamics simulation. In the CARAS mouse model, urolithin A showed anti-inflammatory properties. The biological activity and regulatory network of UA on CARAS were revealed, and the anti-inflammatory effect of UA was clarified, which could be associated with the equilibrium of the immune system’s Th1/Th2 cells.

本研究采用网络药理学、分子对接、体内研究等技术，探讨尿石素A（UA）治疗过敏性鼻炎哮喘联合综合征（CARAS）的生物活性和作用机制。从公共数据库中搜索了尿石素 A 以及过敏性鼻炎和哮喘的潜在相关靶标。然后，对蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用（PPI）、基因本体论（GO）和京都基因和基因组百科全书（KEGG）进行生物信息学分析。随后进行分子对接和分子动力学模拟，旨在预测活性化合物与核心靶点的结合。最后进行体内实验进一步验证。共鉴定出45个过敏性鼻炎和尿石素A的共同靶点以及62个哮喘和尿石素A的共同靶点，其中利用Cytoscape筛选出了6个共同的核心靶点。分子对接表明这些核心靶点与尿石素A具有良好的结合活性，分子动力学模拟进一步证实了这一点。在 CARAS 小鼠模型中，尿石素 A 显示出抗炎特性。揭示了UA对CARAS的生物活性和调节网络，阐明了UA的抗炎作用，其可能与免疫系统Th1/Th2细胞的平衡有关。