<br>习惯性液体摄入量不同的运动员，其水合状态存在差异，但体内水室没有差异,Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports

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习惯性液体摄入量不同的运动员，其水合状态存在差异，但体内水室没有差异
Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports ( IF 3.5 ) Pub Date : 2023-03-23 , DOI: 10.1111/sms.14355
Rúben Francisco ₁ , Filipe Jesus ₁ , Catarina L Nunes ₁ , Iolanda Cioffi ₂ , Marta Alvim ₃ , Goncalo V Mendonca ₄ , Henry Lukaski ₅ , Luís B Sardinha ₁ , Analiza M Silva ₁

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据报道，习惯性低水量 (LOW) 和高水量 (HIGH) 摄入量 (WI) 的个体之间存在生理差异。本研究的目的是探讨暴露于不同习惯 WI 的精英运动员的身体水室、水合状态和去脂体重 (FFM) 水合情况。共有 68 名运动员（20.6 ± 5.3 岁，23 名女性）参与了这项观察性横断面研究。通过7天饮食日记评估总WI，通过WI，运动员被分为高（ n = 28，WI≥40.0 mL/kg/d）和低（ n = 40，WI≤35.0 mL/kg/d）。通过稀释技术测定总体水（TBW）和细胞外水（ECW），并通过稀释技术测定细胞内水（ICW）作为TBW-ECW。使用折光仪通过尿比重（USG）评估水合状态。通过双能 X 射线吸收测定法 (DXA) 评估脂肪 (FM) 和 FFM。 FFM水合通过TBW/FFM计算。女性（低：1.024 ± 0.003；高：1.015 ± 0.006； p = 0.005）和男性（低：1.024 ± 0.002；高：1.018 ± 0.005； p < 0.001）组之间的 USG 存在统计学差异。两性的体内水室和 FFM 水合作用均未检测到组间差异 ( p > 0.05)。多元回归显示，无论 FFM、年龄和性别如何，WI 仍然是 USG 的预测因子（ β = -0.0004， p < 0.01）。我们得出的结论是，低水平运动员通过 USG 被归类为脱水，尽管他们的水室与高水平运动员没有不同。这些结果表明，低水平运动员可能会通过内分泌机制维持体内水室的稳态。应采取干预措施鼓励运动员有足够的WI以保持最佳的水合作用。

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Athletes with different habitual fluid intakes differ in hydration status but not in body water compartments

Physiological differences have been reported between individuals who have habitual low (LOW) and high (HIGH) water intake (WI). The aims of this study were to explore body water compartments, hydration status, and fat-free mass (FFM) hydration of elite athletes exposed to different habitual WI. A total of 68 athletes (20.6 ± 5.3 years, 23 females) participated in this observational cross-sectional study. Total WI was assessed by seven-day food diaries and through WI, athletes were categorized as HIGH (n = 28, WI≥40.0 mL/kg/d) and LOW (n = 40, WI≤35.0 mL/kg/d). Total body water (TBW) and extracellular water (ECW) were determined by dilution techniques and intracellular water (ICW) as TBW-ECW. Hydration status was assessed by urine-specific gravity (USG) using a refractometer. Fat (FM) and FFM were assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). The FFM hydration was calculated by TBW/FFM. The USG was statistically different between groups for females (LOW: 1.024 ± 0.003; HIGH: 1.015 ± 0.006; p = 0.005) and males (LOW: 1.024 ± 0.002; HIGH: 1.018 ± 0.005; p < 0.001). No differences between groups were detected in body water compartments and FFM hydration in both sexes (p > 0.05). Multiple regression showed that WI remains a predictor of USG regardless of FFM, age, and sex (β = −0.0004, p < 0.01). We concluded that LOW athletes were classified as dehydrated through USG although their water compartments were not different from HIGH athletes. These results suggest that LOW athletes may expectedly maintain the body water compartments' homeostasis through endocrine mechanisms. Interventions should be taken to encourage athletes to have sufficient WI to maintain optimal hydration.

更新日期：2023-03-23

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