植物 PR1 和 CAP 蛋白超家族其他成员在植物-病原体相互作用中的功能,Molecular Plant Pathology

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植物 PR1 和 CAP 蛋白超家族其他成员在植物-病原体相互作用中的功能
Molecular Plant Pathology ( IF 4.8 ) Pub Date : 2023-03-17 , DOI: 10.1111/mpp.13320
Zhu Han _{1,

2} , Dianguang Xiong ₁ , Roger Schneiter ₂ , Chengming Tian ₁

Affiliation

植物的发病机制相关 (PR) 蛋白最初被确定为在生物和非生物胁迫下强烈诱导的蛋白质。这些蛋白质分为 17 个不同的类别 (PR1–PR17)。大多数这些 PR 蛋白的作用模式已得到很好的表征，但 PR1 除外，它属于广泛分布的蛋白质超家族，共享一个共同的 CAP 结构域。该家族的蛋白质不仅在植物中表达，也在人类和许多不同的病原体中表达，包括植物病原线虫和真菌。这些蛋白质与多种生理功能相关。然而，他们的确切行动方式仍然难以捉摸。这些蛋白质在免疫防御中的重要性可以通过植物中 PR1 的过度表达导致对病原体的抵抗力增加这一事实来说明。然而，PR1 样 CAP 蛋白也由病原体产生，这些基因的缺失会导致毒力降低，这表明 CAP 蛋白可以同时发挥防御和进攻功能。最近的进展表明，植物 PR1 被蛋白水解切割以释放 C 末端 CAPE1 肽，这足以激活免疫反应。这种信号肽的释放被致病效应物阻断以逃避免疫防御。此外，植物 PR1 与其他 PR 家族成员形成复合物，包括 PR5（也称为奇异果甜蛋白）和 PR14（一种脂质转移蛋白），以增强宿主的免疫反应。在这里，我们讨论了 PR1 蛋白及其相互作用因子的可能功能，特别是考虑到这些蛋白质可以结合具有重要免疫信号功能的脂质这一事实。

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The function of plant PR1 and other members of the CAP protein superfamily in plant–pathogen interactions

The pathogenesis-related (PR) proteins of plants have originally been identified as proteins that are strongly induced upon biotic and abiotic stress. These proteins fall into 17 distinct classes (PR1–PR17). The mode of action of most of these PR proteins has been well characterized, except for PR1, which belongs to a widespread superfamily of proteins that share a common CAP domain. Proteins of this family are not only expressed in plants but also in humans and in many different pathogens, including phytopathogenic nematodes and fungi. These proteins are associated with a diverse range of physiological functions. However, their precise mode of action has remained elusive. The importance of these proteins in immune defence is illustrated by the fact that PR1 overexpression in plants results in increased resistance against pathogens. However, PR1-like CAP proteins are also produced by pathogens and deletion of these genes results in reduced virulence, suggesting that CAP proteins can exert both defensive and offensive functions. Recent progress has revealed that plant PR1 is proteolytically cleaved to release a C-terminal CAPE1 peptide, which is sufficient to activate an immune response. The release of this signalling peptide is blocked by pathogenic effectors to evade immune defence. Moreover, plant PR1 forms complexes with other PR family members, including PR5, also known as thaumatin, and PR14, a lipid transfer protein, to enhance the host's immune response. Here, we discuss possible functions of PR1 proteins and their interactors, particularly in light of the fact that these proteins can bind lipids, which have important immune signalling functions.

更新日期：2023-03-17

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