环境中砷的回顾：污染、流动性、来源和暴露,RSC Advances

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环境中砷的回顾：污染、流动性、来源和暴露
RSC Advances ( IF 3.9 ) Pub Date : 2023-03-17 , DOI: 10.1039/d3ra00789h
Khageshwar Singh Patel ₁ , Piyush Kant Pandey ₂ , Pablo Martín-Ramos ₃ , Warren T Corns ₄ , Simge Varol ₅ , Prosun Bhattacharya ₆ , Yanbei Zhu ₇

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砷是环境中受管制的有害物质之一，也是一种持久性污染物，会造成环境、农业和健康问题，并对人类构成严重风险。在本次审查中，全面调查了世界各地环境不同部分（空气、水、土壤和沉积物）中砷的来源和流动性，以及健康危害的措施。多种原子光谱分析方法已应用于砷化学物质的总分析和形态分析。LoD值基本在1 μg L ^-1以下，足以分析环境样品中的As或其化学物质。自然和人为来源都对空气中的砷产生了影响，而细颗粒物往往含有较高浓度的砷，导致城市地区砷浓度高达 1660 ng m ^{-3 。}天然水中砷的来源（溶解或颗粒形式）可归因于自然沉积物、农业和工业废水，地下水中砷的最大浓度为2000 μg L ^{-1 。}土壤中砷的来源可以是初始含量、化石燃料燃烧产物、工业废水、农药等，报道的最高浓度可达4600 mg kg ^-1。沉积物中砷的来源可归因于其储层，报告的最大浓度高达 2500 mg kg ^-1。值得注意的是，一些报告的环境中砷浓度比允许限值高出数倍。然而，砷环境化学的许多方面，包括环境污染、定量、迁移性、去除和健康危害仍不清楚。

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A review on arsenic in the environment: contamination, mobility, sources, and exposure

Arsenic is one of the regulated hazard materials in the environment and a persistent pollutant creating environmental, agricultural and health issues and posing a serious risk to humans. In the present review, sources and mobility of As in various compartments of the environment (air, water, soil and sediment) around the World are comprehensively investigated, along with measures of health hazards. Multiple atomic spectrometric approaches have been applied for total and speciation analysis of As chemical species. The LoD values are basically under 1 μg L⁻¹, which is sufficient for the analysis of As or its chemical species in environmental samples. Both natural and anthropogenic sources contributed to As in air, while fine particulate matter tends to have higher concentrations of arsenic and results in high concentrations of As up to a maximum of 1660 ng m⁻³ in urban areas. Sources for As in natural waters (as dissolved or in particulate form) can be attributed to natural deposits, agricultural and industrial effluents, for which the maximum concentration of 2000 μg L⁻¹ was found in groundwater. Sources for As in soil can be the initial contents, fossil fuel burning products, industrial effluents, pesticides, and so on, with a maximum reported concentration up to 4600 mg kg⁻¹. Sources for As in sediments can be attributed to their reservoirs, with a maximum reported concentration up to 2500 mg kg⁻¹. It is notable that some reported concentrations of As in the environment are several times higher than permissible limits. However, many aspects of arsenic environmental chemistry including contamination of the environment, quantification, mobility, removal and health hazards are still unclear.

更新日期：2023-03-17

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