A study for the physicochemical properties was carried out in agricultural soils (n = 489) on the flat and piedmont areas of Valle del Cauca. The degradation level of different soils (n = 489) was studied by determining and analyzing their properties. Variability and distribution analysis, central tendency, dispersion and multivariate analysis were included. The results showed that the saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ks) and electrical conductivity (EC) were highly variable. The other properties were moderately variable, depending on the coefficient of variation (10% < CV < 100%). The principal component analysis indicated that the first component was related to compaction processes in the soil (34%), the second included nutrients available to plants (24%), and the third (13%) was the movement of cations. The more susceptible to degradation properties included apparent density (Da) and porosity (η), which had normal distribution (P > 0.150). 19% of the evaluated sites had possible soil compaction, with high Da values (> 1.6 g cm⁻³) and low η (< 40%). The degradation from salinity was minimal, and only 2.2% of the samples had EC values greater than 2 dS m⁻¹. 50% of the soils had organic matter levels (MO) greater than 2%. 85.5% had cation exchange capacity values (CEC) that exceeded 15 cmol (+) Kg⁻¹, and 42.12% were in the pH range from 5.5 to 7.0, optimal conditions for crops. The results showed that soil compaction occurred in some agricultural crops; however, most than 80% of the soils studied had excellent physicochemical properties (MO, CEC, pH).

 在 Valle del Cauca 的平坦和山麓地区的农业土壤 ( n = 489)中进行了理化特性研究。不同土壤的退化程度（n = 489) 通过确定和分析它们的特性进行了研究。包括变异性和分布分析、集中趋势、分散和多变量分析。结果表明，饱和导水率 (Ks) 和电导率 (EC) 变化很大。其他属性变化适中，具体取决于变异系数 (10% < CV < 100%)。主成分分析表明，第一个成分与土壤中的压实过程有关 (34%)，第二个成分包括植物可利用的养分 (24%)，第三个成分 (13%) 是阳离子的移动。更容易降解的特性包括表观密度 (Da) 和孔隙率 ( η )，它们呈正态分布 ( P > 0.150）。19% 的评估地点可能存在土壤压实，具有高 Da 值 (> 1.6 g cm ^-3 ) 和低η (< 40%)。盐度造成的降解很小，只有 2.2% 的样品具有大于 2 dS m ^-1的 EC 值。50% 的土壤有机质含量 (MO) 大于 2%。85.5% 的阳离子交换容量值 (CEC) 超过 15 cmol (+) Kg ^-1，42.12% 的 pH 值范围为 5.5 至 7.0，是作物的最佳条件。结果表明，部分农作物出现土壤板结现象；然而，大多数研究的土壤中有 80% 以上具有优异的物理化学特性（MO、CEC、pH）。