An Efficient One-Step Reaction for the Preparation of Advanced Fused Bistetrazole-Based Primary Explosives,ACS Central Science

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An Efficient One-Step Reaction for the Preparation of Advanced Fused Bistetrazole-Based Primary Explosives
ACS Central Science ( IF 12.7 ) Pub Date : 2023-03-16 , DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.3c00219
Wei Hu ₁ , Jie Tang ₁ , Xuehai Ju ₁ , Zhenxin Yi ₁ , Hongwei Yang ₁ , Chuan Xiao ₂ , Guangbin Cheng ₁

Affiliation

The first example of [5,6,5]-tricyclic bistetrazole-fused energetic materials has been obtained through a one-step reaction from commercial and inexpensive 4,6-dichloro-5-nitropyrimidine. This one-step reaction including nucleophilic substitution, nucleophilic addition, cyclization, and electron transfer is rarely reported, and the reaction mechanism and scope is well investigated. Among target compounds, organic salts exhibit higher detonation velocities (D: 8898–9077 m s^–1) and lower sensitivities (IS: 16–20 J) than traditional high energy explosive RDX (D = 8795 m s^–1; IS = 7.5 J). In addition, the potassium salt of 5-azido-10-nitro-bis(tetrazolo)[1,5-c:5′,1′-f]pyrimidin (DTAT-K) possesses excellent priming ability, comparable to traditional primary explosive Pb(N₃)₂, and ultralow minimum primary charge (MPC = 10 mg), which is the lowest MPC among the reported potassium-based primary explosives. The simple synthesis route, free of heavy metal and expensive raw materials, makes it promising to quickly realize this material in large-scale industrial production as a green primary explosive. This work accelerates the upgrade of green primary explosives and enriches future prospects for the design of energetic materials.

中文翻译：

一种高效的一步反应制备高级熔融双四唑基起爆药

[5,6,5]-三环双四唑稠合含能材料的第一个例子是通过一步反应从商业和廉价的 4,6-二氯-5-硝基嘧啶获得的。这种包括亲核取代、亲核加成、环化和电子转移的一步反应很少被报道，反应机理和范围得到很好的研究。在目标化合物中，有机盐比传统的高能炸药 RDX（D = 8795 ms –1；IS = 7.5 J）具有更高的爆速（D：8898–9077 ms –1）和较低的灵敏度^（ IS ：16–20 J ^） . 此外，5-叠氮基-10-硝基-双（四唑）[1,5-c:5',1'-f]嘧啶钾盐（DTAT-K)具有与传统起爆药Pb(N ₃ ) ₂相当的优良起爆能力，以及超低的最低起爆装药量（MPC = 10 mg），是已报道的钾基起爆药中MPC最低的。简单的合成路线，不含重金属和昂贵的原材料，使得这种材料有望在大规模工业生产中快速实现作为绿色起爆药。该工作加速了绿色起爆药的升级，丰富了含能材料设计的未来前景。

更新日期：2023-03-16

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