Worldwide pollution of waters and soils is a rising health issue calling for advanced decontamination methods such as adsorption of contaminants on biochar because biochar is carbon-negative material displaying many adsorptive properties. Biochar has been improved by chemical, physical and magnetic modifications, and by surface decoration, yet the recent development of biochar-supported composites appears more promising. Here we review biochar-supported composites with focus on preparation, mechanisms, biochar-clays, biochar-microorganisms, biochar-enzymes, and applications to adsorb metals, nutrients and organic contaminants.

中文翻译：

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用于环境修复的生物炭-粘土、生物炭-微生物和生物炭-酶复合物：综述

全球范围内的水和土壤污染是一个日益严重的健康问题，需要先进的去污方法，例如在生物炭上吸附污染物，因为生物炭是具有多种吸附特性的负碳材料。生物炭已通过化学、物理和磁性改性以及表面装饰得到改进，但最近开发的生物炭负载复合材料似乎更有前途。在这里，我们回顾了生物炭支持的复合材料，重点放在制备、机理、生物炭-粘土、生物炭-微生物、生物炭-酶以及吸附金属、营养物和有机污染物的应用上。